Chapter 4- Skin & Body Membranes

Question 1

Showing up more in Caucasians

Answer 1

Hemoglobin

Question 2

Hemoglobin is poorly oxygenated

Answer 2

Cyanosis

Question 3

Erythema

Answer 3

Redness-blushing, hypertension, inflammation,allergy

Question 4

Pailor

Answer 4

Blanching-pale-fear,anger also anemia,low blood pressure, impaired blood flow

Question 5

Jaundice

Answer 5

Yellowness-liver disorder

Question 6

Sites where blood has escaped and clotted in tissue; can happen w/disease or Vitamin C deficiency

Answer 6

Bruises

Question 7

Clotted blood mass

Answer 7

Hematoma

Question 8

Cutaneous glands

Answer 8

Exocrine glands release secretions to skin’s surface via ducts

Question 9

Sebaceous glands

Answer 9

Oil glands excepts on plans and soles

Open into hair follicle and some to surface

Question 10

Sebum

Answer 10

Is product clump of oil and cels; keeps skin moist and prevents hair from drying out
Kills some bacteria
More active during adolescence

Question 11

Sweat glands

Answer 11

Sweat comes through a pore; helps regulate temp

Question 12

Eccrine

Answer 12

All over the body and make sweat

Mostly water NaCL, vitamin C and traces of metabolic waste

Question 13

Apocrine glands

Answer 13

Mostly at axillary and genital areas; ducts empty into hair follicles; contains fatty acids and proteins

Question 14

Hair

Answer 14

are by hair follicles and is flexible epithelial structure
Fastest growing tissue in the body
Have hormone control

Question 15

Hair roots in

Answer 15

Hair follice

Question 16

Hair has central core called

Answer 16

Medulla

Question 17

Medulla

Answer 17

Surrounded by a cortex
Covered by a cuticle(most keratinized region)
Gives strength

Question 18

Hair pigments are made by

Answer 18

Melanocytes in hair bulb

Question 19

Frizz

Answer 19

Cuticle worn away/spilt ends

Question 20

Hair follicles

Answer 20

Contain inner epidermal sheath that forms hair/outer dermal sheath is connective tissue/papilla yield blood supply to matrix in hair bulb

Question 21

Errector pilli

Answer 21

smooth muscle that raise hair in response to temp

Question 22

Scale like product of dermis

Answer 22

Nails

Question 23

Each nail has a

Answer 23

Free edge, a body

Question 24

Nail bed in stratum basalt and inner

Answer 24

Nail matrix

Question 25

Nail matrix

Answer 25

Responsible for growth | Cells become keratinized and die

Question 26

Lunula

Answer 26

Appears white

Question 27

Fungal,itchy red,peeling skin

Answer 27

Athletic's foot

Question 28

Small fluid filled (fever blisters)- itch and sting caused by a herpes simplex virus Can be activated from dormancy from emotions, fever, uv light Usually around lips or oral mucosa

Answer 28

Cold sores

Question 29

Itchy, red, sweeping and turns into blisters

Answer 29

Contact dematitis

Question 30

Pink, water-filled raised lesions around nose and mouth w/ yellow crust Common in children

Answer 30

Impetigo

Question 31

Psoriasis

Answer 31

Chronic overproduction of cells w/ red epidermal lesions

Question 32

Burns

Answer 32

Tissue damgage and cell death caused intense heat, electricity, UV light or certain chemicals Domino effect on several organ systems Destroys cells

Question 33

Burns are life threatening from

Answer 33

Loss of fluids as the deep from burned surface

Question 34

Rule of nines

Answer 34

Divides body into 11 areas Each 9% of total body surface area + area around genitals Determined 5 burned

Question 35

1st degree

Answer 35

Only epidermis is damaged | Red swollen

Question 36

2nd degree

Answer 36

Injury to epidermis and upper dermis-regrowth will occur | Usually with out scarring

Question 37

1st and 2nd degree are

Answer 37

Partial-thickness burns

Question 38

3rd degree

Answer 38

Destroys entire thickness of skin (full-thickness burns)

Question 39

Skin cancer

Answer 39

Most neoplasms benign Example wart Affect 1/5 Americans

Question 40

Basal cell carcinoma

Answer 40

Least malignant and most common affects stratum basal so cannot from keratin

Question 41

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 41

From stratum spinosum Scalp ears hands Grows rapidly but if caught early prognosis is good

Question 42

Malignant melanoma

Answer 42

Cancer melanocytes Happen where ever there is pigment and often deadly 50% survival with early detection

Question 43

ABCD Rule

Answer 43

Asymmetry Border irregularity Color( areas of different color) Diameter( larger then 6mm)

Question 44

Languo

Answer 44

Downy hair covering on infant-shed Birth

Question 45

Newborn has | Vernix Caesosa-

Answer 45

White cheesy and made sebaceous glands protection while in womb

Question 46

Newborn skin thin | Mila-

Answer 46

Accumulations in sebaceous glands( nose and forehead)

Question 47

Skin and hair more oily during adolescence-

Answer 47

Acne occurs

Question 48

Dermatitis

Answer 48

Inflammation

Question 49

Subcutaneous tissue decreases less tolerance to cold/also dryer due to less oil/decreasing elasticity/thinning of skin and more bruising

Answer 49

During cold age

Question 50

Good nutrition and fluids and cleanliness can

Answer 50

Slow loss of elasticity

Question 51

Hair loses

Answer 51

Luster and less hair follicles

Question 52

Alopecia

Answer 52

Hair thinning and baldness

Question 53

Has light vellus hairs

Answer 53

Male pattern baldness

Question 54

Genetic factor

Answer 54

Gene is expressed,melanin in hair decreases | Factor in baldness

Question 55

3 pigments

Answer 55

Melanin in epidermis Carotene in stratum for rum and subcutaneous tissue- orange/yellow O2- rich hemoglobin in dermis