Chapter 4 - The Bile Ducts Flashcards
What is the most common location for biliary obstruction?
in the Distal CBD (head of the panc)
Most common causes of CBD obstrcution
choledocolithiasis
chronic pancreatitis
acute pancreatitis
pancreatic carcinoma
Why does jaundice occur?
Jaundice occurs as a consequence of bilirubin accumulation within the tissues of the body
Causes of jaundice
biliary obstruction hepatitis cirrhosis liver carcinoma pancreatic carcinoma hemolytic disorders
Mirizzi Syndrome
A clinical condition when the patient presents with jaundice, pain, and fever secondary to a lodge stone in the cystic duct.
Colangitis
inflammation of the biliary ducts (when walls . 5mm)
Sonographic presentation of pneumobilia
- air within the biliary tree
- echogenic linear structures within the ducts that produce ring-down artifacts and may have dirty shadowning
Primary biliary tree cancer is referred to as __________.
cholangiocarcinoma
Klatskin tumors
- manifestation of cholangiocarcinoma
- located at the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts
- cause intrahepatic ductal dilatation
Pruitus
itchiness of the skin
Biliary atresia
- caused by:
- prognosis:
- what is it:
- causes:
- Sonographically:
- viral infection at birth (may be inherited)
- poor prognosis
- narrowing or obliteration of the biliary tree
- cirrhosis and portal hypertension
- triangular cord sign
Choledocal cysts can lead toL
cholangitits
portal htn
pancreatitis
liver failure
Caroli Disease
segmental dilatation of the intrahepatic ducts
-seen in association with cystic renal disease
Which segment of the biliary tree tends to dilate first with obstruction?
Extrahepatic
Causes of Pneumobilia
- gastric surgery
- emphysematous cholecystitis
- prolonged acute cholecystitis
- fistula formation
