Chapter 4: The Rock Cycle Flashcards
(26 cards)
Rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the Earth’s surface.
Extrusive igneous rock
The process by which old rock becomes new rock.
Rock cycle
Metamorphic rock that is arranged in bands
Foliated rock
The process in which sedimentary rock are arranged in layers
Stratification
Metamorphic rock not arranged in bands
Nonfoliated rock
Rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth’s surface
Intrusive igneous rock
Layers in sedimentary rock
Strata
The breaking down of rock by ice, wind, and rain
Weathering
Chemical make up; what something is made of
Composition
The process where water, wind, ice, and gravity move sediment
Erosion
Liquid rock
Magma
The 3 types of sedimentary rock
Clastic, chemical, and organic
Sedimentary rock made of fragments of rock cemented together by a mineral
Clastic
Sedimentary rock made from solutions of dissolved minerals and water
Chemical
Sedimentary rock made from fossils
Organic
Why is stratification important to scientists?
Stratification is used by scientists to estimate the age of the rocks
The process that forms sediment
Weathering
The three ways magma can form
Rock is heated
Pressure is released
Composition changes
The 2 characteristics scientists use yo classify rock
Texture and composition
The type of texture that igneous rock has when magma cools quickly
Fine-grained
The type of texture that igneous rock has when it cools slowly
Coarse-grained
The 3 main classes of rock
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Examples of a coarse-grained igneous rock
Granite
The type of rock that forms when magma cools
Intrusive igneous
