Chapter 4 VICTIMOLOGY

Question 1

It was coined in the mid 1900s. Prior to this time crime was occuring, people were being victimized long before the scientific study of victims began.

Answer 1

VICTIMOLOGY

Question 2

They are considered as the FATHERS OF THE STUDY OF VICTIMOLOGY.

Answer 2

Hans von Hentig and Benjamin Mendelsohn

Question 3

They suggested the theory that the victim’s behavior and attitude caused the crime to be committed.

Answer 3

Hans von Hentig and Benjamin Mendelsohn

Question 4

It is the scientific study of the psychological effects of crime and the relationship between victims and offender.

Answer 4

VICTIMOLOGY

Question 5

Examine victim patterns and tendencies.

Answer 5

VICTIMOLOGY

Question 6

Study of the ways in which the behavior of crime victims may have led to or contributed to their victimization.

Answer 6

VICTIMOLOGY

Question 7

Branch of criminology that deals about the factors of victimization and contributory role of the victims in the crime.

Answer 7

VICTIMOLOGY

Question 8

Scientific study of crime victims.

Answer 8

VICTIMOLOGY

Question 9

Focuses on helping victims heal after a crime.

Answer 9

VICTIMOLOGY

Question 10

Aim to understand the criminals motives and the underlying causes of crimes.

Answer 10

CRIMINOLOGY

Question 11

Concerned with fostering recovery.

Answer 11

VICTIMOLOGISTS

Question 12

Seeks prevention and seek to understand the social impact of crimes.

Answer 12

CRIMINOLOGISTS

Question 13

The state, quality or fact of being a victim.

Answer 13

VICTIMITY

Question 14

A person who victimizes others.

Answer 14

VICTIMIZER

Question 15

This kind of victim directly suffers the harm or injury which is physical, psychological, and economic losses.

Answer 15

DIRECT OR PRIMARY CRIME VICTIM

Question 16

Victims who experience the harms second hand.

Answer 16

INDIRECT OR SECONDARY CRIME VICTIM

Question 17

Victims who experience the harm vicariously.

Answer 17

TERTIARY CRIME VICTIMS

Question 18

German Criminologists & author, “The Criminal and His Victim: Studies in the Sociobiology of Crime.”

Answer 18

Hans von Hentig

Question 19

He determined that some of the same characteristics that produce crime also produce victimization.

Answer 19

Hans von Hentig

Question 20

He developed a typology on the degree to which the victims contributed to causing the criminal act.

Answer 20

Hans von Hentig

Question 21

Consider that the victims may provoke victimization, acting as agents provocateurs, based on their characteristics.

Answer 21

Hans von Hentig

Question 22

Father of Victimology.

Answer 22

Benjamin Mendelsohn

Question 23

Coined the relationship between victims and criminals that they knew each other and had some kind of existing relationship.

Answer 23

Benjamin Mendelsohn

Question 24

Victims bear no responsibility for their victimization, based on their behaviors or actions.

Answer 24

Benjamin Mendelsohn

Question 25

First person to empirically investigate victim precipitation.

Answer 25

Marvin Wolfgang

Question 26

Classic study of homicides occuring in Philadelphia.

Answer 26

Marvin Wolfgang

Question 27

He examined 558 homicides, extent victims precipitated their own deaths.

Answer 27

Marvin Wolfgang

Question 28

Victimologist & Author, “The Victim and His Criminal: A study in Functional Responsibility.”

Answer 28

Stephen Schafer

Question 29

He used both social characteristics (hentig) and behaviors (mendelsohn), this typology places victims in group based in how responsible they are for their victimization.

Answer 29

Stephen Schafer

Question 30

He classifies victims on the basis of their “functional responsibility.”

Answer 30

Stephen Schafer

Question 31

Student of wolfgang, conducted an empirical investigation about rape incidents that were reported to the police.

Answer 31

Menachem Amir

Question 32

His study shows that victims precipitated their own rapes and also identified common attributes.

Answer 32

Menachem Amir

Question 33

First promulgated by Von Hentig in 1941 and applies only to violent victimization.

Answer 33

VICTIM PRECIPITATION THEORY

Question 34

Its basic premise is that by acting in certain provocative ways, some individuals initiate a chain of events that lead to their victimization.

Answer 34

VICTIM PRECIPITATION THEORY

Question 35

It occurs when victims act provocatively, use threats or fighting words, or even attack first.

Answer 35

ACTIVE PRECIPITATION

Question 36

It occurs when the victim exhibits some personal characteristics that unknowingly either threatens or encourages the attacker.

Answer 36

PASSIVE PRECIPITATION