Chapter 4 Vocab; 14 Words

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

The movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density

Question 2

Osmosis

Answer 2

The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane

Question 3

Passive Transplant

Answer 3

The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell

Question 4

Active Transplant

Answer 4

The movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy

Question 5

Endocytosis

Answer 5

The process by which to cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vehicle to bring the particle into the cell

Question 6

Photosynthesis

Answer 6

The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use to get sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food

Question 7

Cellular Respiration

Answer 7

The process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food

Question 8

Fermentation

Answer 8

The breakdown of food without the use of oxygen

Question 9

Cell Cycle

Answer 9

The life of a cell

Question 10

Chromosomes

Answer 10

In a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA

Question 11

Homologous Chomosomes

Answer 11

Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure

Question 12

Mitosis

Answer 12

In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes

Question 13

Exocytosis

Answer 13

The process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane

Question 14

Cytokinesis

Answer 14

The division of the cytoplasm of a cell