chapter 4 vocab Flashcards
(15 cards)
attitudes
beliefs and feelings related to a person or event
3 dimensions of attitudes not bolded
affect (feelings), behavior, cognition (thoughts)
implicit association test
use reaction times to measure automatic associations which reflect implicit attitudes
role
set of norms that defines how people in a given social situation are expected to behave
cognitive dissonance
feel tensions when two of our cognitions go against each other (thoughts or beliefs are inconsistent)
selective exposure
tendency to seek info and media that agree with current views –> avoid dissonant info
2 ways to reduce cognitive dissonance not bolded
change your thinking (validate both cognitions)
selective exposure to agreeable info
insufficient justification
reducing dissonance by internally justifying your behavior when there is insufficient external justification
self perception theory
when we’re unsure of our own attitudes, we infer them the same way an observer would - look at our behavior and the situation
facial feedback effect
facial expressions tend to trigger corresponding feelings (feel happy when you smile)
overjustification effect
rewarding someone for doing something they already enjoy –> attribute the activity with the reward; stop doing it for fun
extrinsic motivation (reward) interferes with intrinsic motivation (joy, liking)
theory for why actions seem to affect attitudes not bolded
self presentation theory
2 theories for why actions affect attitudes not bolded
dissonance theory (justify behavior to reduce discomfort)
self perception theory (infer our attitudes from our behavior and situation)
self presentation theory not bolded
express attitudes that make us seem consistent (by matching out behavior)
self affirmation theory (2 aspects)
1) performing undesireable (embarrassing) behaviors threatens peoples’ self image
2) compensate by affirming a different aspect of themselves (perform a good deed/desireable behavior)
