Chapter 4 Vocab

Question 1

The period from the completion of the second temple to its destruction

Answer 1

Second Temple period

Question 2

Macedonion King whose military conquests of the Eastern Mediterranean greatly advanced the process of hellenization

Answer 2

Alexander the Great

Question 3

The spread of Greek language and culture

Answer 3

Hellenization

Question 4

The common language spoken for trade throughout the Roman Empire

Answer 4

Koinē Greek

Question 5

The dynasty that arose in Egypt after the time of Alexander the Greats Empire

Answer 5

Ptolemies

Question 6

The dynasty that arose in Syria after the time of Alexander the greats empire

Answer 6

Seleucids

Question 7

Greek version of the Old Testament

Answer 7

Septuagint (LXX)

Question 8

This refers to Jews who were not living in Israel but were dispersed throughout the Mediterranean world

Answer 8

Diaspora

Question 9

The seleucid ruler who provoked the Maccabean rebellion because of his attempts to force hellenization on the Jews

Answer 9

Antiochus IV “Epiphanes”

Question 10

Those who favored the adoption of Greek ideas (reforming)

Answer 10

Hellenists

Question 11

Those who opposed the adoption of Greek ideas (conservative)

Answer 11

Hasidim”holy one”

Question 12

The description of the temple of Jerusalem by Antiochus IV Epiphanes when he offered idolatrous sacrifices on the alter

Answer 12

Abomination of desolation

Question 13

Mattathias son and first great leader of the Maccabean Revolt

Answer 13

Judas Maccabeus

Question 14

What does Maccabeaus mean?

Answer 14

Hammer

Question 15

The name given to Judas and his brothers who liberated Israel from Seleucid rule in the second century B.C.

Answer 15

The Maccabees

Question 16

The Jewish feast celebrating the victory of the Maccabees over Antiochus Epiphanes and the rededication of the temple in 164 B.C

Answer 16

Hanukkah

Question 17

A line of priest-kings which would rule Israel until the Roman occupation in 63 BC

Answer 17

Hasmonean dynasty

Question 18

A Greek form of the Hebrew “Edomite”, meaning a descendant of Esau, twin brother of Jacob(Israel) and son of Isaac.

Answer 18

Idumean

Question 19

The idumean ruler who gained the throne of Israel after the Roman conquest of Palestine and ruled from 37-4 BC

Answer 19

Herod the Great

Question 20

The first true emperor of Rome; ruler of the Roman Empire at the time of Jesus’ birth

Answer 20

Caesar Augustus (Octavian)

Question 21

The Roman prefect or governor of the Roman province of Judea from AD 26-36, during the time of Jesus’ ministry

Answer 21

Pontius Pilate

Question 22

The son of Herod and tetrarch of Galilee and Perea between 4 BC and AD 39 during the period of Jesus’ ministry

Answer 22

Herod Antipas

Question 23

A Latin term meaning “Roman Peace” and referring to the period of relative peace and stability established by Caesar Augustus

Answer 23

Pax Romana

Question 24

A ruler of a Roman senatorial province

Answer 24

Proconsul

Question 25

A ruler of a Roman imperial province

Answer 25

Legate

Question 26

A Roman provincial ruler of a lower rank than a proconsul or legate

Answer 26

Prefect/procurator

Question 27

The Jewish revolution against Rome, resulting in the destruction of Jerusalem and the temple (AD 70)

Answer 27

Jewish Revolt of AD 66-73 or the Jewish War

Question 28

Famous late-first-century rabbi who established an academy for the study of the law at Jamnia on the Mediterranean coast

Answer 28

Johanan Ben Zakkai

Question 29

City on the Mediterranean coast and location of the academy for the study of the law established by Rabbi Johanan Ben Zakkai after the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70

Answer 29

Jamnia

Question 30

The second Jewish revolt (AD 132-35), led by Simon bar Koseba and resulting in the end of the Jewish State

Answer 30

Bar Kokhba Revolt