Chapter 4 Vocab Cards Flashcards
(22 cards)
asexual reproduction
a new organism produced from one organism
chromosome
a structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material
diploid
when cells have similar chromosomes
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
egg
formed in the female reproductive organ
fertilization
the joining of an egg and a sperm
gene
a section of DNA on a chromosome
haploid
they only have half the number of chromosomes as body cells
meiosis
they produce haploid sex cells
mitosis
the nucleus divides into two identical nuclei
mutation
any permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome of a cell
RNA
made in the nucleus on a DNA pattern like a latter that had its rungs cut in half
sexual reproduction
two sex cells sometimes called and egg and a sperm, come together
sperm
are formed in the male reproductive organs
zygote
the egg and the sperm come from two different species
parent cell
A cell that is the source of other cells, as a cell that divides to produce two or more daughter cells.
daughter cell
Daughter cells are cells that result from the division of a single parent cell.
cytokinesis
the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
apoptosis
A type of cell death in which a series of molecular steps in a cell lead to its death.
spindle fibers
Spindle fibers form a protein structure that divides the genetic material in a cell.
chromosomes
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
centrioles
a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
