Chapter 4 - WWII

Question 1

League of Nations

Answer 1

International organisation in which powers would work together to prevent war
-US never joined for political reasons

Question 2

Nazi Germany

Answer 2

• Hitler became chancellor in 1033 & led National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi Party)
• Hitler changed German constitution in 1934
• Became a totalitarian state

Question 3

Polish Corridor

Answer 3

Area cut off from Germany & handed to Poland

Question 4

Appeasement

Answer 4

Policy based on the belief that avoidance of war was the goal (by giving into Hitler’s demands)

Question 5

Sudetenland

Answer 5

Region of Czechoslovakia taken from Germany

-Britain & France forced the return back to Germany in 1938

Question 6

Coming of War

Answer 6

• 1 September 1939, Germany attacked Poland for the return of the Polish Corridor, one week after signing a non-aggression treaty with the Soviet Union
• 3 September, Britain & France declare war on Germany

Question 7

Australia in WWII

Answer 7

Two phases:

• 1939-1941 - war with Germany and its allies
• December 1941 - Japan attacked US & advanced to SE Asia

Question 8

Militia

Answer 8

3500 permanent soldiers, 80000 citizens

Question 9

Second AIF

Answer 9

• Australian Imperial Force
• based off First AIF of WWI & formed 12 days after start of WWII
• 20000 men

Question 10

Tobruk

Answer 10

April 1941

14000 Australians

Question 11

North Africa

Answer 11

January 1940

Question 12

Greece & Crete
&
El Alamein

Answer 12

April 1941

October 1942

Question 13

War against Japan

Answer 13

Japan invaded China in 1937

Ally of Nazi Germany

Question 14

Pearl Harbor

Answer 14

7 December 1941

Question 15

Fall of Singapore

Answer 15

• Supposed to be impregnable (impossible to take by force)

- Japan advanced down Malay Peninsula & fell in 1942

Question 16

Kokoda Track

Answer 16

June to November 1942

Question 17

Kokoda Track Events

Answer 17

• Australians sent to protect airfield at Kokoda
• Unable to compare with Japanese advance
• Japan faced exhaustion, little food & illness which favoured the Australians
• Japanese began withdrawal & in November 1942, Australian flag flew at village of Kokoda
• Japanese cleared in early 1943
• victory meant Japanese hadn’t secured PNG > reduced likelihood of an attack on Australia

Question 18

POW

Answer 18

22000 Australians became POW to Japanese

• deaths caused by lack of food, climate & disease
• treated as slave labourers

Question 19

Burma-Thailand Railway

Answer 19

POW forced to build 400km railway

-61000 POW (9500 Aus) + 250000 Asian workers

Question 20

Wartime Prime Minister’s

Answer 20

Robert Menzies-resigned August 1941
John Curtin-October 1941
-Labor Party
-opposed conscription

Question 21

Bombing of Darwin

Answer 21

19 February 1942 by 80+ Japanese planes

Question 22

Attack on Sydney Harbour

Answer 22

May 1942-4:30am

Question 23

Austerity

Answer 23

Cutting consumption

Question 24

Conscription

Answer 24

October 1939 for 20 year old men

Question 25

Censorship

Answer 25

Censoring military information in the media

Question 26

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 26

- Paris Peace Conference, 1919 - Germany forced to sign treaty - required to accept responsibility for the war & had to pay costs - treaty left bitterness in Germany