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Pharm 201 > Chapter 40 > Flashcards

Chapter 40 Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

Gastric Mucosa components

A

Chief cells
Parietal cells
Thick mucous layer and bicarbonate ion protect stomach mucosa from acid

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2
Q

Chief cells

A

Secrete pepsinogen

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3
Q

Parietal cells

A

HCL production 1-3L/day
Activates pepsinogen to pepsin
Kills bacteria
Intrinsic factor for B12 absorption

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4
Q

Lower Digestive Tract components

A

small and large intestine

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5
Q

Small intestine

A

Location for most nutrient & drug absorption

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6
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease causes

A

H Pylori in 90%

NSAID use

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7
Q

Helicobacter pylori

A

smoking increases reoccurance

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8
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease Risk Factors

A 
Family history
Type O blood
Glucocorticoids & NSAIDs
Psychological stress
NOT spicy foods
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9
Q

Duodenal ulcers

A

↑er in men, peaks 35-45 years of age
PAIN-FOOD-RELIEF
ulcers come and go and may need lifelong tx

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10
Q

Duodenal ulcers symptoms

A

Bright red blood in vomit

Black, tarry stools

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11
Q

Gastric Ulcers

A

↑er in women, peaks 50-60 years of age

H. pylori present in 50-70%

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12
Q

Gastric Ulcers symptoms

A 
Burning/gaseous pressure
Pain continues after meals
Anorexia, weight loss, vomiting
Nocturnal pain, nausea
more commonly associated with CA
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13
Q

GERD can cause

A

esophageal ulcers, esophagitis, strictures

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14
Q

GERD symptoms

A

heartburn, regurgitation, early satiety, post-meal bloating, N&V, hiccoughs, “something in throat”

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15
Q

GERD risks

A

obesity

over 40

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16
Q

Meds that ↓ acid production

A

PPIs, H2 blockers, Antacids

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17
Q

Meds that ↑ mucosal protection

A

Prostaglandin analogue

Pepsin Inhibitor

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18
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors ending

A

prazole

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19
Q

PPI long term use

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A

decrease nutrient absorption

nexium decreases Mg

20
Q

H2-Receptor Blockers action

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A

↓gastric acid secretion by blocking action at histamine 2 receptors in parietal cells

21
Q

H2-Receptor Blockers ending

22
Q

H2-Receptor Blockers teaching

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A 
take after meals
do not take w/ antacids (decreases abs)
give at bedtime or take with food
can cause confusion in elderly
check kidney and liver function
23
Q

cimetadine (Tagamet) administration

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A

Not given often due to drug-drug interactions & take 4 x /day

24
Q

cimetadine (Tagamet) adverse effects

Study These Flashcards
A

agranulocytosis = ↓RBCs, WBCs, & platelets, impotence or ↓libido, gynecomastia, in men
Hepatotoxicity, psychoses, cardiac dysrhythmias, H/A, dizziness, constipation, pruritus, skin rash,

25
ranitidine (Zantac) administration
preferred over tagamet | given 1 vs 4x daily
26
Aluminum antacids
may cause constipation
27
aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel, Alternagel) catagory
antacid
28
aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel, Alternagel) adverse effects
minor; constipation, nausea | Prolonged use can limit phosphate absorption
29
aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel, Alternagel) teaching
does not heal ulcer or cure H pylori
30
Antacids teaching
do not take with H2 blockers do not use w/ Mg in kidney disease take 2 hours before or after other meds stool may be white
31
milk-alkali syndrome
Milk + Ca+ carbonate cause ↑ Ca+
32
Pepsin Inhibitor function
Protect gastric mucosa
33
Pepsin Inhibitor example
Sucralfate (Carafate)
34
Pepsin Inhibitor teaching
take 1 hour before meals take 4x daily do not take w/ antacids (1 hour before or after) decreases abs of other meds so take at different time does not effect acid production
35
Pepsin Inhibitor side effects
constipation, dry mouth, nausea
36
Prostaglandin Analogue function
Prevents ulcers in NSAID, Prednisone use | ↑ mucous ↓ acid secretion
37
Misoprostol (Cytotec) category
Prostaglandin Analogue
38
GI Stimulant (Prokinetic) use
given for GERD if other tx not successful | nausea/vomiting
39
Metoclopramide (Reglan) catagory
GI Stimulant (Prokinetic)
40
Metoclopramide (Reglan) adverse effects
drowsiness, fatigue, extrapyramidal and/or acute dystonic reactions , cholinergic-like effects, hyperprolactinemia
41
Metoclopramide (Reglan) dosing
30 min before meals and bedtime
42
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine)
parasympathomimetic | Cholinergic
43
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) use
Increase tone of esophagus, stomach and intestines | improves digestion
44
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) contraindications
COPD, hypotension, peptic ulcer, recent GI surgery
45
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) administration
Must be taken 1 h before meals & bedtime | Give on an empty stomach
46
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) adverse effects
N & V, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, ↓ BP

Pharm 201 (24 decks)

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