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Biology 112 > Chapter 40 Circulatory System > Flashcards

Chapter 40 Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

What has invertebrate circulatory systems?

A

sponges, cnidarians, and nematodes

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2
Q

How do sponges circulate water?

A

using many incurrent pores and one excurrent pore

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3
Q

How do hydras circulate water?

A

through a gastrovascular cavity which is also for digestion

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4
Q

How do nematodes circulate water?

A

through their digestion tract which doubles as their circulatory system because they are so thin

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5
Q

Open circulatory system

A
  • No distinction between circulating and extracellular fluid
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6
Q

What is the fluid in the open circulatory system called?

A

hemolymph

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7
Q

closed circulatory system

A
  • distinct circulatory fluid enclosed in blood vessels and transported away from and back to the heart
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8
Q

What is makes up a fishes circulatory system?

A
  1. Evolved a true chamber-heart pump heart
  2. have a 2 chambered heart
  3. the blood is pumped through the gills, and then to the rest of the body
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9
Q

Amphibians have what 2 circulations?

A

pulmonary circulation, and systemic circulation

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10
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

moves blood between the heart and lungs

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11
Q

Systemic circulation

A

moves blood between the heart and the rest of the body

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12
Q

How many heart chambers do amphibians have?

A

3 chambered heart

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13
Q

How many heart chambers do reptiles have?

A

3 chambered heart

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14
Q

How many atria and ventricles do reptiles have?

A

2 atria and 2 ventricles

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15
Q

How many heart chambers do mammals, birds, and crocodilians have?

A

4 chambered heart

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16
Q

How many atria and ventricles do mammals, birds, and crocodilians have?

A

2 separate atria and 2 separate ventricles

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17
Q

In mammals what does the right atrium do?

A

receives deoxygenated blood from the body and delivers it to the right ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs

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18
Q

In mammals what does the left atrium do?

A

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and delivers it to the left ventricle, which pumps it to the rest of the body

19
Q

What type of tissue is blood?

A

connective tissue

20
Q

what is extracellular matrix?

A

plasma

21
Q

what do platelets do?

A

they help with blood clotting

22
Q

What are the functions of circulating blood

A
  • transportation
  • regulation
  • protection
23
Q

What percent of blood plasma is water?

A

92% water

24
Q

What solutes does blood plasma contain?

A

nutrients, waste, and hormones

25
Q

If plasma is removes what is it called?

A

serum

26
Q

What does fibrinogen cause?

A

blood clotting

27
Q

How many red blood cells do you have?

A

about 5 million per microliter of bloos

28
Q

How long do your blood cells live for?

A

120 days

29
Q

What are leukocytes?

A

white blood cells

30
Q

Where does your blood leave from your heart to?

A

arteries

31
Q

Where does your blood from arterioles enter?

A

capillaries

32
Q

Where is blood collected from? and where does it lead to?

A

blood is collected into venules which leads to larger vessels (vein)

33
Q

What carries blood back to the heart?

A

veins

34
Q

What does the lymphatic system do?

A

when liquids leaves the blood stream some of the liquids go to your lymphatic system

35
Q

What is the hearts 2 pairs of valves?

A

atrioventricular (AV) valves and your semilunar valves

36
Q

What does your Atrioventricular (AV) valves do?

A

Maintain unidirectional blood flow between atria and ventricles

37
Q

What does your semilunar valves do?

A

Ensure a one-way flow out of the ventricles to the vessels

38
Q

Where is your pulmonary valve located?

A

at the exit of the right ventricle

39
Q

Where is your Aortic valve located?

A

At the exit of the left ventricle

40
Q

What can the Autonomic nervous system modulate?

A

rate

41
Q

What does blood pressure measure?

A

systole / diastole

42
Q

systole

A

ventricle contractions

43
Q

diastole

A

ventricle relaxation

44
Q

What 4 hormones is your blood volume regulated by?

A
  • ADH or Antidiuretic hormone
  • Aldosterone
  • Atrial natiuretic hormone
  • nitric oxide

Biology 112 (4 decks)

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