Chapter 42:Human Reproduction

Question 1

Gonad

Answer 1

Is a organ that produces sex cells

Question 2

Ejaculation

Answer 2

Release of sperm from the body

Question 3

Primary Sexual Characteristics

Answer 3

Growth of sex organs

Question 4

Secondary Sexual Characteristics

Answer 4

Are characteristic that distinguish males from females apart from the sex organs

Question 5

Infertility

Answer 5

Is the inability to produce offspring

Question 6

Menstrual Cycle

Answer 6

A series if events in the female every 28 days if fertilisation does not occur

Question 7

Ovulation

Answer 7

Is the realease of an egg from the ovary

Question 8

Insemination

Answer 8

Is when semen is ejaculated into the vagina

Question 9

Chemotaxis

Answer 9

Is when egg releases a chemical to attract the sperm

Question 10

Fertilisation

Answer 10

Is when the nucleus of the sperm fuses with nucleus of the egg to form a diploid zygote

Question 11

Fertile Period

Answer 11

When fertilsation is most likely to occur

Question 12

Testes

Answer 12

Makes testosterone and sperm

Question 13

Epidydimis

Answer 13

Stores and matures the sperm

Question 14

Sperm Duct

Answer 14

Carries sperm from testes to the urethra

Question 15

Seminal vesicle,Prostate,Cowpers Gland

Answer 15

Make seminal fluid which nourishes the sperm and allows sperm to move

Question 16

Urethra

Answer 16

Carries semen and urine out of the body

Question 17

Penis

Answer 17

To place semen inside the female during intercourse

Question 18

FSH in Males

Answer 18

Stimulates testes to make sperm at puberty

Question 19

LH in males

Answer 19

Stimulates testes to make testosterone

Question 20

What does testosterone do in regards to the primary sexual characteristics in men

Answer 20

Stimulates growth and development of the penis and testes in early life and is increased during puberty

Question 21

What does testosterone do in regards to secondary sexual characteristics

Answer 21

Voice deepen
Growth spurt
Increase in muscle
Broad shoulders
Facial and body hair

Question 22

Male Infertility

Answer 22

Cause:smoking,alcohol and drug abuse,virus and hormonal deficiency

Treatment:change lifestyles,hormone supplements,IVF

Question 23

Ovary

Answer 23

Makes egg

Makes oestrogen and progesterone

Question 24

Fallopian tube

Answer 24

Muscular tube that collect egg from ovary and moves towards uterus using cilia

Question 25

Uterus

Answer 25

Made of a layer of involuntary muscle which contracts at menstruation and birth and lined with endometrium

Question 26

Cervix

Answer 26

Junction between vagina and uterus

Question 27

Vagina

Answer 27

Short muscular tube

Question 28

Female Infertility

Answer 28

Cause:hormonal imbalance,stress Treatment:Hormone treatment,drug to stimulate ovulation,IVF

Question 29

Primary Sexual Characteristics in women

Answer 29

Caused by oestrogen to develop and grow sex organs

Question 30

Secondary Sexual Characteristics in Women

Answer 30

Caused by oestrogen and progesterone Growth spurt Mammary glands develop Body and pubic hair Widening and pelvic bone

Question 31

What happens on day 1-5 of the menstrual cycle

Answer 31

Meiosis occurs in ovary | Endometrium breaks down is shed from body

Question 32

What happens on day 5-13 of the menstrual cycle

Answer 32

Grafian follicle makes oestrogen which causes endometrium to thicken

Question 33

Day 14

Answer 33

Egg is released from ovary

Question 34

What happenes day 14-28 to menstrual cycle

Answer 34

Grafian follicle turns corpus luteum which make progesterone which cause further thickening of endometrium FERTILATION OCCURS: corpeus luteum remains Endometrium remains Placenta forms FERTILISATION DOES NOT OCCUR: corpeus luteum shrinks Egg dies

Question 35

FSH(follicle-stimulating)

Answer 35

Made:Pituitary When:1-5 What:Causes egg to be produced by meiosis in ovary and egg is surrounded by grafian follicle MAKES OESTROGEN

Question 36

Oestrogen

Answer 36

Made:grafian follicle When:6-14 What:thickens endometrium and prevents egg development by inhibiting FSH high levels by day14 causes LH production

Question 37

LH (lutenising)

Answer 37

Made:pituatary When:day 14 What:ovulation,corpus luteum comes from grafian follicle and makes progesterone

Question 38

Progesterone

Answer 38

Made:corpeus luteum When:15-28 What:thickening of endometrium and prevent egg development by blocking FSH

Question 39

Fibroids

Answer 39

Benign tumours in uterus Cause:abnormal response to oestrogen Treatment:Surgery