Chapter 49 Flashcards
(30 cards)
In contrast to low-angle rope rescues, high-angle rescues:
involve situations where the slope of the ground is greater than 45 degrees and rescuers or patients are dependent on a life safety rope.
involve any situation in which the ground is used as primary support and the rope system is used as a secondary means of support.
involve situations where the patient must be removed from a cliff or other high area that is more than 50 feet from the ground.
are situations where the slope of the ground is greater than 45 degrees and the rescuers are dependent on the fixed surface of the ground.
involve situations where the slope of the ground is greater than 45 degrees and rescuers or patients are dependent on a life safety rope.
Once you have succeeded in establishing verbal contact with a patient who is in the process of being rescued, it is most important to:
remain in contact with patient.
use the patient’s first name.
answer all of the patient’s questions.
speak slowly and distinctly.
remain in contact with patient.
Once the patient has been disentangled, your primary focus should be to:
protect the patient’s spine.
perform a detailed exam.
safely remove the patient.
begin emergency care.
safely remove the patient.
As the first responding unit to arrive at the scene of a confined space rescue, what is the most important information to share with the technical rescue team when they arrive?
Your scene assessment and recommended approach to the rescue effort
The patient’s name, weight in pounds, and any known medical problems
The documented statements of any individuals who witnessed the event
Whether the incident has changed significantly since your arrival
Whether the incident has changed significantly since your arrival
Which of the following items of personal protective equipment is required to assume the heat-escape-lessening position (HELP)?
Contamination protection
Thermal protection
An approved helmet
Personal flotation device
Personal flotation device
Descending on a fixed rope from a severe angle is called:
rappelling.
self-belay.
scrambling.
a hasty rope slide.
rappelling.
The first step in assuming the self-rescue position if suddenly immersed in fast-moving water involves:
using your hands to change direction, avoiding objects, and diverting to a safe place.
keeping your feet together and moving in the direction of the moving water.
keeping your head down and your chin tucked to avoid striking an object.
rolling into a face-up arched position with the lower back higher than the feet.
rolling into a face-up arched position with the lower back higher than the feet.
A 7-year-old child was playing near a large pile of sand when the ground underneath her collapsed. You can hear her crying and asking for her mother. Until the technical rescue team arrives at the scene, you should:
get as close to the edge of the trench as possible and attempt to visualize the child.
use several long backboards as shoring to decrease the risk of a secondary collapse.
maintain verbal contact with the child, but avoid going near the edge of the trench.
throw the child a rope and ask her to tie it around her waist so you can pull her out.
maintain verbal contact with the child, but avoid going near the edge of the trench.
Which of the following items of information is typically obtained by the dispatcher prior to sending rescue units to the scene?
Number of patients involved
The prognosis of the patient
The patient’s medication list
The patient’s medical history
Number of patients involved
After gaining access to a patient with extrication procedures, the next step involves:
performing a complete physical assessment of the patient.
pulling the steering column forward with a hydraulic tool.
quickly but carefully moving the patient onto a backboard.
removing parts of the vehicle that are trapping the patient.
removing parts of the vehicle that are trapping the patient.
When heavy extrication tools are required to force a damaged door open, you should:
gain access to the patient by removing the door that is closest to the patient.
avoid trying to force a door open if the patient is leaning against it.
peel the door down and away from the patient with the spreader.
first place 4-inch by 4-inch cribbing underneath the door to hold it in place.
avoid trying to force a door open if the patient is leaning against it.
Immediately upon arriving at the scene involving a technical rescue situation:
the paramedic must ascertain the number of patients.
additional resources must be summoned to the scene.
a rapid and accurate scene size-up must be conducted.
an emergency treatment area must be identified.
a rapid and accurate scene size-up must be conducted.
Which of the following ECG findings is the most significant in a patient who was entrapped for a prolonged period of time?
Tachycardia
First-degree AV block
Small P waves
Peaked T waves
Peaked T waves
Which of the following factors would be the least likely to cause a secondary collapse during a trench rescue incident?
Standing at the edge of a trench
Excessive environmental heat
Water eroding away the soil
Vibration of rescue equipment
Excessive environmental heat
You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle crash in which a small passenger car struck a power pole at a high rate of speed. As you size up the scene, you can see that the driver is severely entrapped in his car and is screaming in pain. The fire department is en route to the scene with extrication equipment. You should:
carefully search in and around the car to ensure that there is only one patient.
make initial contact with the patient and manually stabilize his head in place.
stay away from the car until the absence of any utility hazards is confirmed.
attempt to move any power lines away from the car with a long tree branch.
stay away from the car until the absence of any utility hazards is confirmed.
In addition to identifying and evaluating any hazards, scene stabilization typically involves:
determining if air transport is available.
observing the incident’s geographic area.
removing a trapped patient from a vehicle.
treating the patient as soon as possible.
observing the incident’s geographic area.
The preferred initial method for disentangling a patient who is trapped between the seat and steering wheel involves:
removing the bolts that secure the seat.
displacing the dashboard forward.
using a powered hydraulic spreader.
trying to slide the seat back on its track.
trying to slide the seat back on its track.
Which of the following gases is commonly found in swamps and sewers; is colorless, toxic, and flammable; and is released when bacteria break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen?
Methane
Ammonia
Carbon dioxide
Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide
A 29-year-old man was pulled from icy water after being submerged for approximately 10 minutes. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. He does not appear to have any injuries. The most appropriate treatment for this patient involves:
defibrillating up to three times if he is in ventricular fibrillation, removing his wet clothing and applying blankets, and transporting.
assessing his cardiac rhythm, but attempting resuscitation only if the cardiac monitor reveals ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia.
immobilizing his spine, initiating CPR, removing his wet clothing, and ceasing resuscitative efforts if unsuccessful after 5 minutes.
protecting his spine, initiating resuscitative measures, removing his wet clothing and applying warm blankets, and transporting.
protecting his spine, initiating resuscitative measures, removing his wet clothing and applying warm blankets, and transporting.
As soon as you reach an unresponsive victim who is floating in the water, you should:
immediately assess for the presence of breathing and for a central pulse.
move the victim’s face above water and manually open their airway.
float a buoyant backboard under the victim and initiate ventilations.
turn the patient supine without manipulating their head or neck.
turn the patient supine without manipulating their head or neck.
The objective of dash displacement is to:
remove the entire dash from the vehicle.
lift the dash up and move it forward.
laterally displace the dashboard.
pull the dash straight forward.
lift the dash up and move it forward.
A late-model sport utility vehicle struck a tree head on. You are able to gain access to the driver, who was the sole occupant, through the passenger-side door. The patient appears to be unconscious and has blood bubbling from his mouth when he breathes. Upon entering the vehicle, it is most important for you to:
conduct a brief head-to-toe exam and then rapidly remove the patient from the vehicle by grabbing him under his arms.
carefully open the patient’s airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver, and ask your partner for a suction unit.
ask the rescue team to remove the driver’s side door with the hydraulic spreader so your partner can gain access.
recall that if the air bags did not deploy during the collision, they could still do so and may severely injure you.
recall that if the air bags did not deploy during the collision, they could still do so and may severely injure you.
Which of the following statements regarding cold-water immersion is correct?
Water that is colder than 70 degrees Fahrenheit will cause a marked increase in oxygen demand.
Tachycardia occurs after falling in cold water and lowers the basal metabolic rate.
In extremely cold water (35 degrees Fahrenheit or less), a person is likely to die after 5 minutes of submersion.
The cold protective response secondary to hypothermia can protect vital organs.
The cold protective response secondary to hypothermia can protect vital organs.
The rescue team has just removed the door from a badly damaged car. The patient, a young woman, is pinned between the steering wheel and driver’s seat. You should:
limit your primary assessment and treatment to airway management until she has been disentangled from the vehicle.
perform a primary assessment, attempt to treat any life-threatening injuries, and remain with the patient as she is being disentangled.
assess the patient’s level of consciousness, reassure her that she will be okay, and allow the rescue team to disentangle her.
place a heavy glass-proof blanket over the patient, go around to the opposite side of the vehicle, and provide reassurance to the patient.
perform a primary assessment, attempt to treat any life-threatening injuries, and remain with the patient as she is being disentangled.
