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Bio 151 Module 3 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Define the term ‘polymer.’

A
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2
Q

Define the term ‘monomer.’ Explain its relation to polymers.

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3
Q

What is a dehydration reaction?

A

Removal of water from the polymer units/molecules resulting in the combination of the two reactants.

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4
Q

What is a hydrolysis reaction?

A

Addition of water that splits and breaks the polymer/molecule.

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5
Q

Define and explain the following terms: monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide.

A
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6
Q

Explain the following terms: triose, pentose hexose.

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7
Q

What is a glycosidic linkage?

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8
Q

What is an isomer?

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9
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

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10
Q

What is a peptide bond?

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11
Q

What is a disulfide bridge?

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12
Q

What is a phosphodiester bond?

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13
Q

What are the 4 main macromolecules? Include the building blocks of each.

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14
Q

What is the chemical formula of a triose, pentose, hexose?

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15
Q

Approximate the water content of a cell.

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16
Q

What structure do monosaccharides usually have in aqueous solutions?

A
17
Q

What is the main energy storage used by plants and animals? How do they differ? How are they similar?

A
18
Q

What is the main difference between starch and cellulose? Why can’t humans gain energy directly from cellulose?

A
19
Q

Name the main structural carbohydrate in plants? What is chitin and where can we find it?

A
20
Q

How do we characterize lipids? Describe the basic structure of a triglyceride.

A
21
Q

Define unsaturated and saturated fats, as well as trans fats. Explain their health effects.

A
22
Q

Describe the structure of a phospholipid.

A
23
Q

Describe the structure of steroids. Give examples and functions.

A
24
Q

Name the most abundant macromolecule in a cell.

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25
Q

Describe the basic structure of an amino acid. How are they classified/identified? What chemical restrictions do they have?

A
26
Q

Describe the functions of proteins, along with the levels of structure and bonding within them.

A
27
Q

Describe Sickle Cell Anemia and its cause and effects.

A
28
Q

What does DNA and RNA stand for? What are their functions?

A

DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid. The genetic code for proteins/genetic information.
RNA- ribonucleic acid. Aids in proteins synthesis

29
Q

Name the parts of a nucleotide.

A
30
Q

What are the DNA and RNA bases? How do they pair together?

A
31
Q

How do we distinguish DNA from RNA?

A

DNA contains Thymine. RNA contains Uracil

32
Q

Describe collagen’s structure and function.

A
33
Q

Describe elastin’s structure and function.

A
34
Q

Is ATP a nucleotide.

A

Yes

Bio 151 Module 3 (1 decks)

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