' Chapter 5 Flashcards
Osmosis
When water moves through a membrane to a area with more water to less water
Isotonic
Equal concentration on either side
Hypertonic
Side with higher solute concentration. Cell shrinking
Hypotonic
Lower solute concentration. Water rushes in
Tonicity
Comparing concentrations of solute on both sides
crenation
Cell shrinking
Pores
Allows water and polar molecules to pass through membrane
Glycosylation
Attachment of carbohydrates to limit protein
N-linked
Carbohydrates attach to nitrogen
O linked
Only in Golgi. Adds sugar to oxygen. Can be used as recognition signal
Cell adhesion
Anchors proteins to extra cellular matrix
Membrane transport
Direct diffusion of ions or molecules across the membrane
Passive transport
Does not require energy
Passive diffusion
Diffusion of solute without transport protein
Facilitated diffusion
Diffusion of a solute with aid of transport protein
Porins
Transmembrane channel protein
Aqua Porins
Gated water channels
Active transport
Requires energy up or against gradient
Uniporter
Single ion or molecule
. Symporter/ cotronsporter
2 or more molecules in same direction
Antiporter
2 or more cons or molecules in opposite direction
Primary active transport
Directly uses energy to transport solute
Secondary active transport
Uses pre existing gradient
Exocytosis
Materials exit
