Chapter 5

Question 1

___________ conduct electricity and have solvated individual ions as part of the solution

Answer 1

electrolytes

Question 2

_______ electrolytes completely dissolve (break up into individual ions)

Answer 2

strong

Ex) NaCl

Question 3

_______ electrolytes will partially dissolve

Answer 3

weak

Ex) weak acids

Question 4

____electrolytes are covalent compounds; do not ionize to any degree upon solvation

Answer 4

non

Question 5

name the 6 strong acids-

Answer 5

HCl
HBr
HI
HNO3
HClO4
H2SO4

in water, they will fall apart

Question 6

What are the 4 compounds that undergo gas evolution reactions?

Answer 6

H2S
H2CO3
H2SO3
NH4OH

Question 7

what happens in precipitation reaction?

Answer 7

a solid forms from 2 aqueous ionic solutions

[solid forms]
use solubility table
~double displacement

Question 8

what happens in acid-base reaction?

Answer 8

a H+ is transferred from an acid to a base

[heat is released, pH changes, color change with indicator]
~double displacement

Question 9

what happens in gas-forming reaction?

Answer 9

a gas forms from 2 aqueous solutions

[gas forms]
~double displacement, then decomposition

Question 10

what happens in redox reaction?

Answer 10

an e- is transferred from one chemical to another- redox numbers change

[color change + heat]
~synthesis/single replacement/combustion

Question 11

what happens in combustion reaction?

Answer 11

a hydrocarbon is ripped apart by atmospheric oxygen [O2]

All hydrocarbons combust!

[energy- heat and light released]

C-C and C-H > CO, HO
CO2 and H2O = products

Question 12

the oxidation of an atom in a free element is-

Answer 12

0

Question 13

the oxidation state of a monoatomic ion is=

Answer 13

equal to its charge

Question 14

oxidation states are helpful for determining if a _________________ has taken place

Answer 14

redox reaction

[way to count e-]

Question 15

in their compounds, metals have ___________ oxidation states

Answer 15

positive

Question 16

in gas forming reactions, what do these decompose into? >

H2S
H2CO3
H2SO3
NH4OH

Answer 16

H2S stays the same

H2CO3> CO2 (+ H2O)

H2SO3> SO2 (+ H2O)

NH4OH> NH3 (+ H2O)

Question 17

Evidence of precipitiation is:

Answer 17

solid forms

Question 18

evidence of acid base is:

Answer 18

heat released

pH changes

color change with indicator

Question 19

evidence of gas forming is:

Answer 19

gas forms (bubbles)

Question 20

Evidence of a redox reaction is:

Answer 20

color change + heat

Question 21

evidence of combustion is

Answer 21

energy (heat and light) released

Question 22

Oxidation state of F is

Answer 22

-1

Question 23

oxidation state of O is

Answer 23

-2

Question 24

oxidation state of H is

Answer 24

+1

Question 25

oxidation state of halogens are

Answer 25

-1

Question 26

S and Se have oxidation state of

Answer 26

-2

Question 27

N and P have oxidation state of

Answer 27

-3