CHAPTER 5 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Cells of Connective Tissue
Fibroblast
Adipocytes
Macrophages & the Mononuclear
Mast Cells
Plasma Cells
Leukocytes
3 Main Types of Fibers
collagen
Reticular
Elastic
The ______________ of the ECM is a highly hydrated (with much bound water), transparent, complex mixture of three major kinds of macromolecules.
ground substance
three major kinds of macromolecules in ground substance
glycasaminoglycans
proteoglycans
multiadhesive glycoproteins
Types of Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue Proper
Reticular Tissue
Mucoid Tissue
most common cells in connective tissue proper that synthesize and secrete collagen (most abundant protein in the body) and elastin, and multiadhesive glycoproteins that comprise ground subtance
Fibroblast
aka fat cells specialized for cytoplasmic storage of lipid as neutral fats, serves to cushion and insulate the skin
Adipocytes
aka histiocytes by pathologists; have highly developed phagocytic ability and specialize in turnover of protein fibers and removal of apoptopic cells, tissue debris, or other particulate material, abundant in the sites of inflammation
Macrophages
they function in the localized release of many bioactive substances important in the local inflammatory response, innate immunity, and tissue repair
Mast Cells
are B lymphocyte-derived, antibody-producing cells; responsible for the synthesis of immunoglobulin antibodies
Plasma Cells
derived from circulating blood cells; they leave blood by migrating between the endothelial cells of venule to enter connective tissue.
Leukocytes
are distributed unequally among the different types of connective tissue, with the predominant fiber type conferring most specific tissue properties
Fibers
constitute a family of proteins selected during evolution for their ability to form various extracellular fibers, sheets, and networks, all of which extremely strong and resistant to normal shearing and tearing forces
Collagens
consist mainly of collagen type III; which forms an extensive network (reticulum) of thin fibers for the support of many different cells
reticular fibers
form sparse networks interspersed with collagen bundles in many organs, particularly those subject to regular stretching or bending
Elastic Fibers
is common, forming a layer beneath the epithelial lining of many organs and filling the spaces between fibers of muscles and nerve; aka areolar tissue
Loose Connective Tissue
is filled primarily with randomly distributed bundles of type I collagen, with some elastic fibers, providing resistance to tearing from all directions as well as some elasticity.
Dense irregular connective tissue
prominent in tendons and ligaments, features bundles of essentially parallel type I collagen, providing great strength (but little stretch) in binding together components of the musculoskeletal system
Dense regular connective tissue
is a gel-like connective tissue with few cells found most abundantly around blood vessels in the umbilical cord
Mucoid Tissue
