Chapter 5

Question 1

Selective attention

Answer 1

The process of choosing to focus on one aspect of an environment or context

Question 2

Positionality

Answer 2

Your social position in relation to others

Question 3

Selective exposure

Answer 3

We choose to open ourselves only to particular messages or experiences

Question 4

Mood effects

Answer 4

Our mood changes not only what we expose ourselves to but also what we notice

Question 5

Perception

Answer 5

The process of gathering information about others and situations based on what we observe and how that information may or may not fit our ideas/ beliefs

Question 6

Characteristics of perception

Answer 6

It influences how we interact with others
It is not fixed

Question 7

Parts of selection process

Answer 7

Selecting
Organizing
Interpreting
Remembering

Question 8

Selecting

Answer 8

The process of paying attention to some message/stimuli and disregarding others.

Question 9

Organizing

Answer 9

A superseded brain-process of arranging information in a way that makes sense
Based knowledge schemas

Question 10

Interpreting

Answer 10

Assigning meaning to what we observe

Question 11

Remembering

Answer 11

The process of recalling our experiences

Question 12

Variations

Answer 12

We choose to select stimuli because they’re different or stand out

Question 13

Schéma

Answer 13

Mental categories based on past experiences that we use to understand and respond to interactions

Question 14

Prototypes

Answer 14

Image or example or model we have for a particular person, item or situation

Question 15

Personal construct

Answer 15

Mental yardstick we use to judge or rate a person or observation g., nice-mean scale

Question 16

Scripts

Answer 16

Provide expected sequence of events and behaviors

Question 17

Stereotypes

Answer 17

A generalization or assumption for an entire group of people, situations, or interactions based off the characteristics or traits of a few individuals in the group.

Question 18

Attribution theory

Answer 18

Asserts that we make casual inferences about why people behave the way they do

Question 19

Internal attribution

Answer 19

We assume someone’s behavior is reflective of who they are inside

Question 20

External attribution

Answer 20

When we assign someone’s behavior as caused by environmental or outside factors

Question 21

Culture

Answer 21

Influences the way we understand and interpret the world

Question 22

Selective memory bias

Answer 22

A cognitive “trick” where our biases enhance or impair our recall of memories.

Question 23

Self presentation

Answer 23

Involves all behaviors used to communicate identity to other people

Question 24

Altercasting

Answer 24

What people do to show others what they think their (other person) identity should be

Question 25

Self-fulfilling/ self-defeating prophecies

Answer 25

When we act in ways that unintentionally make things true that might not otherwise happen

Question 26

Social comparison theory

Answer 26

We judge ourselves against others

Question 27

Personal identities

Answer 27

When you have some aspect of yourselves that’ll stay pretty much the same over time and is also specific to you as an individual.

Question 28

Master identities

Answer 28

Unlikely to change and entail things for which we’re usually group with expectations by society

Question 29

Interactional identities

Answer 29

Some of our identities change depending on who we’re interacting with

Question 30

Relational identities

Answer 30

An identity is different for every circumstance and is also unique