Chapter 5 Flashcards
(25 cards)
electrolyte definition
a substance or solution that will conduct electricity
molarity formula
M = mol solute / vol (L) solution
nitrate (NO3 -) solubility rule
soluble
alkali metals solubility rule
soluble
ammonium solubility rule
soluble
Cl, Br, I solubility rules
soluble
Ag, Pb, Hg solubility rules
insoluble
sulfate solubility rule
soluble with exceptions of BaSO4, PbSO4, and CaSO4
sulfate salt solubility rule exceptions
BaSO4, PbSO4, and CaSO4
hydroxide solubility rule
slightly soluble
notable soluble hydroxides
NaOH and KOH
marginally soluble hydroxides
Ba(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2
slightly soluble polyatomic ions
sulfide (S 2-), carbonate (CO3 2-) and chromate (CrO4 2-), unless they contain an alkali metal
steps for finding net ionic equation
- find balanced chemical equation
- split into ions *cannot separate solid precipitate that forms from reaction
- cancel out all ions that do not experience a change from reactants ➜ products
- net ionic equation
arrhenius acid definition
increases the H+ ion concentration in an aqueous solution
arrhenius base definiton
increases the OH- ion concentration in an aqueous solution
oxidation number for elements by themselves
0
oxidation number for monatomic ions
the charge of the ion
oxidation number for fluorine
-1
oxidation number for oxygen
-2
oxidation number for hydrogen
+1 in covalent compounds
oxidized
increases in oxidation number
reduced
decreases (reduces) in oxidation number
oxidized agent
causes oxidation by going through reduction
