Chapter 5

Question 1

Syntax

Answer 1

A component of mental grammar that deals with constructing phrasal expressions out of smaller expressions

Question 2

Grammatical

Answer 2

A term used to describe a sentence that is in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules of some language, especially syntactic rules

Question 3

Ungrammatical

Answer 3

Not in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules with some language, especially syntactic rules.

Question 4

Grammaticality judgment

Answer 4

An instance of a native speaker of some language deciding whether some string of words corresponds to a syntactically well-formed or grammatical phrasal expression in their native language

Question 5

Subject

Answer 5

An expression typically a noun phrase, that occurs to the left of the verb phrase in an English sentence

Question 6

Object

Answer 6

A noun phrase that usually occurs immediately to the right of the verb in English

Question 7

Linguistic expression

Answer 7

A piece of language with a form, a meaning and syntactic properties

Question 8

Syntactic properties

Answer 8

Properties of linguistic expressions that dictate how they can syntactically combine with other expressions, namely word order

Question 9

Word order

Answer 9

The linear order in which words can occur in some phrasal expression

Question 10

Co-occurrence

Answer 10

The set of syntactic properties that determines which expressions may or have to co-occur with some other expressions in a sentence

Question 11

Argument

Answer 11

Linguistic expression that must occur in a sentence if some other expression occurs in that sentence as well

Question 12

Compliments

Answer 12

A non-subject argument of some expression

Question 13

Adjuncts

Answer 13

A linguistic expression whose occurrence in a sentence is optional

Question 14

Agreement

Answer 14

The phenomenon by which certain expressions in a sentence must be inflectionally marked for the same person, number or gender

Question 15

Syntactic constituent

Answer 15

A group of linguistic expressions that function as a syntactic unit within some larger expression

Question 16

Cleft

Answer 16

A type of sentence that has the general form It is/was

Question 17

Syntactic category

Answer 17

A group of expressions that have very similar syntactic properties

Question 18

Syntactic distribution

Answer 18

Refers to the set of syntactic environments in which an expression can occur

Question 19

Sentence

Answer 19

a syntactic category that consists of all phrasal expressions that can grammatically occur in Sally thinks that ———-.

Question 20

Noun phrase

Answer 20

The name of a syntactic category that consists of proper names, pronouns and all other expressions with the same syntactic distribution

Question 21

Determiners

Answer 21

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as, the, a, this, all, ect…

Question 22

Adjectives

Answer 22

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category

Question 23

Transitive verbs

Answer 23

The name of a syntactic that consists of those expression of category noun phrase to their right result in verb phrase

Question 24

Intransitive verbs

Answer 24

The name for the set of lexical expression whose syntactic category is verb phrase

Question 25

Ditransitive verb

Answer 25

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with two expressions of a category noun phrase to their right result in verb phrase

Question 26

Adverb

Answer 26

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as quickly, well, furiously

Question 27

Prepositional phrase

Answer 27

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that contain a preposition and noun phrase

Question 28

Homophony

Answer 28

The phenomenon by which two or more distinct morphemes happen to have the same form

Question 29

Noun

Answer 29

The name of a lexical category and syntactic category. Morphologically, consists of words to which the plural suffix s or the suffix like

Question 30

Verb phrase

Answer 30

the name of a syntactic category that consists of all expressions which if combined with noun phrase to their left result in a sentence

Question 31

Preposition

Answer 31

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as of, in, for, with, ect.

Question 32

Sentential compliment verb

Answer 32

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with a sentence to their right result in a verb phrase

Question 33

Lexical entry

Answer 33

A representation of a lexical expression and its linguistic properties within a descriptive grammar of some language

Question 34

Lexical category

Answer 34

Class of words grouped together based on morphological properties

Question 35

Phrase structure tree

Answer 35

A visual representation of how phrases are constructed within a descriptive grammar, given the lexicon and the phrase structure rules

Question 36

Phrase structure rules

Answer 36

A recipe for syntactically combining expressions of certain syntactic categories

Question 37

Compositionality

Answer 37

The notion that the meaning of a phrasal expression is predictable from the meanings of the expressions it contains and how they were syntactically combined

Question 38

Expressions

Answer 38

A piece of language with a form, a meaning and syntactic properties

Question 39

Phrasal expressions

Answer 39

A linguistic expression that results from the syntactic combination of smaller expressions

Question 40

Semantics

Answer 40

The study of linguistic meaning