Chapter 5

Question 1

Grays type I

Answer 1

Asymmetrical, usually excitatory

Question 2

Grays type II

Answer 2

Symmetrical, usually inhibitory

Question 3

Vertebrates skeletal NMJ

Answer 3

NAchR, nicotine content acetylcholine receptors

Question 4

Amino acids

Answer 4

Glutamate, glycine, GABA

Question 5

Amines

Answer 5

Dopamine, acetylcholine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin, histamine

Question 6

Peptides

Answer 6

Proteins

Dynorphins, enkephalins, substance P, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y

Question 7

Process of exocytosis stimulated by

Answer 7

Intracellular calcium Ca++

Question 8

Peptide neurotransmitter release is _________ than aa or amine neurotransmitter release

Answer 8

Slower

Question 9

Example of transmitter gated ion channel

Answer 9

NAchR

Question 10

Anaerobic bacteria found in poorly canned food

Answer 10

Botulinum neurotoxin

Question 11

Botulinum neurotoxin:
There are enzymes thick destroy ___________ involved in presynaptic vehicle docking and fusion, preventing NT release and generating paralysis

Answer 11

SNARE proteins

Question 12

Symptoms of botulinum neurotoxin

Answer 12

Dizziness, ptosis, respiratory failure

Question 13

Medical and cosmetic use of botulinum neurotoxin

Answer 13

Treat spasms and dystonias

BOTOX

Question 14

Made by clostridium tetani

Answer 14

Tetanus toxin

Question 15

Tetanus: ________ other SNARE proteins involved in glycine an GABA release

Answer 15

Cleaves

Question 16

Symptoms of tetanus

Answer 16

Head and neck stiffness, muscle rigidity and tetanic spasms

Question 17

Alpha latrotoxin in what?

Answer 17

Black widow venom

Question 18

________ is a presynaptic neurotoxin which depolarize neurons by promoting calcium entry into the cells and stimulating uncontrolled release of neurotransmitters

Answer 18

Alpha latrotoxin

Question 19

Alpha bungarotoxin is in what?

Answer 19

SE Asian Snake Venom

Question 20

____________ is a postsynaptic neurotoxin, binds relatively irreversibly to nAChR on the receptor alpha subunits, competitively with ACh

Answer 20

Alpha bungarotoxin

Question 21

SE Asian snake venom causes what?

Answer 21

Paralysis and respiratory failure

Question 22

Transient postsynaptic membrane depolarization cause by presynaptic release of neurotransmitter

Answer 22

EPSP

Question 23

Transient hyperpolarization of postsynaptic membrane potential caused by presynaptic release of neurotransmitter

Answer 23

IPSP

Question 24

Autoregulatory commonly found in membrane of _____________ terminal

Answer 24

Presynaptic axon

Question 25

Example of desensitization

Answer 25

AChE cleaves ACh to render it inactive

Question 26

Inhibitors of neurotransmitter receptors

Answer 26

Antagonist

Question 27

Mimic actions of naturally occurring neurotransmitters

Answer 27

Agonists

Question 28

Example of antagonist

Answer 28

Curare

Question 29

Example of agonists

Answer 29

Nicotine

Question 30

Root cause of neurological and psychiatric disorders

Answer 30

Defective neurotransmission

Question 31

Used to determine number of vesicles that release during neurotransmission

Answer 31

Quantal analysis

Question 32

Synapse inhibits current flow from soma to axon hillock

Answer 32

Shunting inhibition

Question 33

Hyperpolarizing IPSP

Answer 33

Membrane potential

Question 34

Gap Junction

Answer 34

``` Symmetrical structure 2 connexons (6 connexins) ```