Chapter 5

Question 1

The phenomenon by which certain expressions in a sentence must be inflectionally marked for the same person, number, gender, etc.

Answer 1

Phenomenon

Question 2

Adjuncts are sometimes called this.

Answer 2

Modifiers

Question 3

A kind of sentence in which some constituent is displaced (or moved) to the left.

Answer 3

Cleft

Question 4

The arguments of coordinating conjunctions.

Answer 4

Conjuncts

Question 5

When such expressions can occur in almost all the same syntactic environments.

Answer 5

Syntactic distribution

Question 6

A syntactic category that consists of all phrasal expressions that can grammatically occur.

Answer 6

Sentence

Question 7

The name of a syntactic category that consists of proper names, pronouns, and al other expressions with the same syntactic distribution.

Answer 7

Noun phrase

Question 8

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as the, a, this, all, etc.

Answer 8

Determiner

Question 9

The name for the set of lexical expressions whose syntactic category is verb phrase.

Answer 9

Intransitive verbs

Question 10

The name of the syntactic category that consists of all expressions which if combined with a noun phrase to their left result in a sentence.

Answer 10

Verb phrase

Question 11

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with two expressions of category noun phrase to their right result in a verb phrase; a verb that needs two noun phrase complements.

Answer 11

Ditransitive verb

Question 12

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with a sentence to their right result in a verb phrase; a verb that needs a sentence as its complement.

Answer 12

Sentential complement verb

Question 13

A representation of a lexical expressions and its linguistic properties within a descriptive grammar of some language.

Answer 13

Lexical entries

Question 14

These are used to capture patterns of syntactic combination.

Answer 14

Phrase structure rules.

Question 15

Where lexical expressions are assigned to syntactic categories.

Answer 15

Lexicon

Question 16

When a linguistic form means they can correspond to more than one distinct expression.

Answer 16

Ambiguous

Question 17

The phenomenon where a single word is the form of two or more distinct linguistic expression that differ in meaning or syntactic properties.

Answer 17

Lexical ambiguity

Question 18

The phenomenon by which two or more distinct morphemes or non phrasal linguistic expressions happen to have the same form.

Answer 18

Homophony

Question 19

This is used to display the way that a sentence is built up from lexical expressions using the phrase structure rules.

Answer 19

Phrase structure tree

Question 20

A reflection of speakers’ mental grammar, and not a test of their conscious knowledge of the prescriptive rules.

Answer 20

Grammaticality judgment

Question 21

The expression that usually occurs immediately to the left of the verb.

Answer 21

Subject

Question 22

The expression that usually occurs immediately to the right of the verb.

Answer 22

Object

Question 23

The fact that the meaning of a sentence depends on the meanings of the expressions it contains and on the way they are syntactically combined.

Answer 23

Principle of compositionally

Question 24

Non-subject arguments

Answer 24

Complements

Question 25

The certain kinds of expressions whose occurrence in a sentence is purely optional.

Answer 25

Adjuncts

Question 26

The idea that certain groups of expressions within a larger phrase can form a syntactic unit.

Answer 26

Syntactic constituent

Question 27

When a string of words really does form a sentence of some language.

Answer 27

Grammatical

Question 28

When some string of words does not form a sentence.

Answer 28

Ungrammatical

Question 29

What are words and phrases called?

Answer 29

Linguistic expressions

Question 30

A syntactic process by which a syntactic constituent occurs the beginning of a sentence in order to highlight the topic under discussion.

Answer 30

Topicalization

Question 31

Distinct expressions in a sentence may be required to have the same value for some grammatical feature at which case we say that they agree with respect to that feature.

Answer 31

Agreement

Question 32

The name of morphology and syntax that is referred to the tightly related components of grammar.

Answer 32

Morpho-syntax

Question 33

Similar but distinct from the traditional notions of parts of speech or lexical categories.

Answer 33

Syntactic categories

Question 34

The name of a lexical category and syntactic category. Morphologically, consists, of words to which the comparative suffix -er of the suffix -ness can be added.

Answer 34

Adjective

Question 35

The name of a lexical category and syntactic category that consists of expressions such as quickly, well, ferociously, etc.

Answer 35

Adverb

Question 36

Words like with, down, on, in, etc are what kind of phrases?

Answer 36

Preposition phrases

Question 37

Adverbs combined with a VP to form an expression of category VP.

Answer 37

VP adjuncts

Question 38

Adverbs that can be combined with a noun.

Answer 38

N adjuncts

Question 39

How sentences and other phrases can be constructed out of similar phrases and words.

Answer 39

Syntax