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P.E 1 & 2 > chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 extra stuff > Flashcards

chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 extra stuff Flashcards

1
Q

chambers of the heart

A

to upper chambers and two lower chambers

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2
Q

ventricles

A

inferior they pump blood throughout the body (more muscular than atria

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3
Q

atrium

A

superior act like connecting vessels at the top of the heart

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4
Q

upper chambers

A

left and right atrium

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5
Q

lower chambers of the heart

A

left and right ventricle

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6
Q

one way Valves

A

ensure blood flows in the right direction through the heart and prevent the backflow of blood into the atria when the ventricles contract.​

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7
Q

tricuspid valves

A

Prevents backflow of blood into the right atrium when the right ventricle contracts​

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8
Q

Bicuspid Valve

A

Prevents backflow of blood into left atrium when the left ventricle contracts

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9
Q

Pulmonary Valve

A

As the ventricles contract, it opens to allow deoxygenated blood to flow to the lungs to be reoxygenated.​

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10
Q

Aortic Valve

A

As the ventricles contract, it opens to allow oxygenated blood to flow throughout the body.​ It closes as the ventricles relax

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11
Q

the right side of the heart-1st step

A

Deoxygenated blood returns from the body and enters the Right Atrium through the Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

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12
Q

the right side of the heart- 2nd step

A

The Right Atrium contracts and pushes blood through the Tricuspid Valve into the Right Ventricle

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13
Q

the right side of the heart 3rd step

A

Right Ventricle contracts and pumps the blood through the Pulmonary Artery up towards the lungs

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14
Q

the right side of the heart 4th step

A

Blood becomes oxygenated again in the lungs

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15
Q

the right side of the heart function

A

receives blood that’s returning from the body- deoxygenated blood

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16
Q

left side of the heart function

A

receives blood from lungs and sends it out to the body- oxygenated blood

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17
Q

left side of the heart-1st

A

Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs and enters the Left Atrium via the Pulmonary Veins

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18
Q

left side of the heart-2nd

A

The Left Atrium contracts and pushes the blood through the Bicuspid Valve into the Left Ventricle.

19
Q

left side of the heart-3rd

A

The Left Ventricle contracts and pumps the oxygenated blood out to the body through the Aorta.

20
Q

functions of blood

A

distribution, regulation and protection

21
Q

Distribution- functions of the blood

A

Transportation of gases, fuels and minerals
Delivering oxygen from the lungs

22
Q

functions of blood- regulation

A

-Maintaining equilibrium
-Thermoregulation by absorbing and distributing heat throughout the body

23
Q

functions of the blood-protection

A

Protection against dehydration
Carrying cells and antibodies that fight infection

24
Q

Blood Composition

A

Red blood cells, White blood cells, Platelets, Plasma

25
Q

red blood cells

A

Carry oxygen to working muscles and other cells

26
Q

White blood cells (leukocytes)

A

Protect the body from bacteria and viruses,

27
Q

Platelets (thrombocytes)

A

Prevent and stop bleeding by forming a temporary plug that helps seals breaks of damaged vessels

28
Q

Plasma

A

Transports waste products and assists with their removal from the body

29
Q

Blood Composition During Exercise- Red blood cells and plasma

A

respond to increased demands during exercise by transporting gases, fuels, hormones and enzymes as required.

30
Q

blood composition during exercise-White blood cells and platelets

A

are less important during exercise, but are vital to ensure our immune system functions properly and minimize fluid loss

31
Q

blood vessels

A

Arteries, Capillaries, Veins

32
Q

arteries

A

Carry blood away from the heart
Aorta- largest arteries
Strong elastic walls allow transportation of oxygen-rich blood

33
Q

Capillaries

A

Where oxygen, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged

34
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood back to the heart

35
Q

Precapillary Sphincters

A

Controls the blood flow through the capillaries by opening and closing branches.

36
Q

structure

A

nose, pharynx, tracea

37
Q

the function of the respiratory system

A

Deliver air from the atmosphere into the lungs
Transfer oxygen into the bloodstream
Remove carbon dioxide from the blood

38
Q

how does the brain control breathing

A

through the hypalathamus

39
Q

pulmonary fusion functions

A

Provide the blood with oxygen before the blood is transported to muscles and other cells within the body

40
Q

Diffusion

A

natural movement of gases from area of higher pressure to lower pressure

41
Q

Pulmonary diffusion

A

Is the gaseous exchange that occurs at the lungs

42
Q

Gaseous Exchange

A

The exchange of gases between blood and air occurs in the alveoli. Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into blood and carbon dioxide from the blood to the alveoli to be exhaled

43
Q

Haemoglobin

A

The protein contained in red blood cells that is responsible for delivery of oxygen to the tissues

44
Q

exercise decreasing risk of CVD

A

Coronary heart disease
Stroke
Hypertension

P.E 1 & 2 (4 decks)

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