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Chapter 5: Physiology of Training > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Most distinct gender difference in thermoregulation

A

sweating

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2
Q

Women and sweat (2)

A

women sweat less, start to sweat at higher core and skin temps

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3
Q

Heat tolerance in men vs women

A

women have similar heat tolerance to men of the same aerobic fitness level

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4
Q

Body temp resulting in cellular death

A

113 degrees F

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5
Q

increase in plasma volume can be observed …

A

within 1 hour of recovery from 1st exercise session

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6
Q

plasma volume can increase to% in the 2 weeks of trainin

A

12 to 20%

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7
Q

Physical performance advantage of reduced blood viscosity

A

enhanced oxygen delivery to the active skeletal muscles because blood flow more easily through the vessels including the capallaries

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8
Q

Part of the heart enlarged with endurance training

A

left ventricle - responsible of propulsion of blood through arteries

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9
Q

Blood flow increases within _ of training

A

1 hour of recovery from 1st training session

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10
Q

Advantage of reduced blood viscosity

A

enhances oxygen delivery to skeletal muscle b/c blood flows easier through capillaries

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11
Q

Left ventricle wall thickness increases due to

A

resistance training - afterload

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12
Q

Left ventricle cavity increases in size due to

A

increase in plasma volume and diastolic volume

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13
Q

a-vO2 difference in trained individual

A

lower mixed venous oxygen content - greater oxygen extraction and distribution at tissue level

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14
Q

Resting heart rate decreases _BPM

A

10 BPM

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15
Q

Submaximal heart rate decreases _BPM

A

10-20 BPM

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16
Q

Increase in mitochondria size and #

2

A

enhances muscle’s ability to use oxygen and produce ATP via oxidation.
Has a glycogen sparing effect - use fat for fuel

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17
Q

decreased secretion at rest and and at the same absolute exercise intensity after training

A

Response to endurance training: epinephrine and norepinephrine

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18
Q

slight elevation during exercise to preserve blood glucose (stimulates FFA mobilization

A

Response to endurance training: cortisol

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19
Q

increased insulin sensitivity

A

Response to endurance training: Insulin

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20
Q

smaller increase in glucose levels during exercise

A

Response to endurance training: glucagon

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21
Q

no effect on resting values, less dramatic rise during exercise

A

Response to endurance training: growth hormone

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22
Q

DOMS associated with

A

tissue injury from eccentric force

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23
Q

Hypertrophy result of:

4

A

myobibrils, actin, myosin, sarcoplasm - increase in muscle protein systhesis

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24
Q

High intensity resistance training and speed work can result in (muscle fibers)

Study These Flashcards
A

type I muscle fibers to convert to type IIa fibers

25
Exercise intensity greater than 60% - energy source | low intensity energy source
muscle glycogen | liver glycogen
26
skeletal muscle stores _ to _grams of muscle glycogen
300 to 400 gram
27
liver stores _ to _ grams of glycogen
70 to 100 grams
28
Changes to facilitate heat tolerance | 3
increased plasma volume (supports increased SV) decreased heart rate and core temp increased sweat rate
29
Muscle buffering
ability to neutralize lactic acid
30
Yield point
trasition between original resting length and plastic stretch( new permanent set or deformation)
31
Elastic limit
point at which tissue is stretched beyond the point where it can return to normal length after force is removed
32
Autogenic inhibition inhibits
muscle spindle response - tension in muscle is temporarily inhibited allowing further muscle stretching
33
reciprocal inhibition coinsides with neural inhibition of the
opposing muscle on the other side of the joint to facilitate movement (agonist and antagonist)
34
client holds and resists the force provided by the trainer so that an isometric contraction occurs - 6 seconds - AUTOGENIC INHIBITION
Hold -relax technique
35
client pushes against the force provided by the trainer so that a concentric muscle contraction occurs - AUTOGENIC INHIBITION
Contract -relax technique
36
client hold and resists force, the concentric contraction added during final passive stretch **most effective - AUTOGENIC AND RECIPROCAL INHIBITION
Hold-relax agonist contraction
37
Type of stretching that protects joint attachments similar to resistance training
active- isolated stretching
38
High-force, short duration stretch =
elastic or short term deformation
39
Low force, long duration stretch =
plastic or permanent lengthening
40
Tissue viscoelasticity
property of tissues that allows them to exhibit both plastic and elastic behavior
41
a hot/ humid exercise environment reduces _ environment produces: 2
body's ability to lose heat greater core body temp sweat rate
42
fick equation demonstrates
rate at which a person uses oxygen in their body
43
A-VO2 difference: 2
difference in oxygen content between arterial blood and venous blood *indication of how much blood is extracted into the capillaries
44
SA node located AV node located
superior wall of right atrium floor of right atrium
45
fiber hypertrophy fiber hyperplasia
increase in muscle fiber size increase in # of muscle fibers
46
twitch summation
motor units smallest contractile response series of rapid stimuli - greater force production
47
2 risks - 95 degrees and 40% humidity
heat exhaustion heat cramps
48
Risk with 85 degrees and 50 % humidity
no risk
49
risk with 30 degrees and calm winds
no risk if dresses properly
50
risk with 10 degrees and 10 mph winds
freezing of exposed skin
51
increase in rate coding:
leads to faster peak force production in trained muscle
52
decrease in parasympathetic activity causes _ HR
elevated
53
lactate threshold =
VT1
54
blood glucose fuels _ intensity exercise
low intensity
55
muscle glycogen fuels_intensity exercise
high intensity
56
during 1st hour of 1/2 marathon, carb metabolism =
muscle glycogen
57
during _intensity plasma FFAs are primary source of fat energy
low intensity
58
stretching technique that does not elicit stretch reflex
static stretching
59
stretches held for 2 seconds
active isolated stretching

Chapter 5: Physiology of Training (2 decks)

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