Chapter 5

Question 1

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 1

It turns limewater cloudy

Question 2

A reaction between an acid and an alkali is called?

Answer 2

Neutralization

Question 3

What are the products of a reaction between an acid and a metal oxide or metal hydroxide?

Answer 3

A salt and water

Question 4

What are the products of a reaction between an acid and a metal?

Answer 4

A salt and hydrogen

Question 5

How do you name a salt?

Answer 5

Put the metal first and then the acid ending

• sulfuric acid gives metal sulphates
• nitric acid gives metal nitrates
• hydrochloric acid gives metal chlorides

Question 6

How do you define an alkali?

Answer 6

By their OH^- ions

Question 7

How do you define an acid?

Answer 7

By their H⁺ ions

Question 8

What is the ionic equation for neutralisation?

Answer 8

H⁺ + OH^- ———-> H₂O

Question 9

What are the products of a reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate?

Answer 9

A salt and water and carbon dioxide

Question 10

Name and give the formula of three acids.

Answer 10

• sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
• nitric acid (HNO₃)
• hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Note: put your hand over the H and what is left is the ending to your salt

Question 11

pH is a measure of……

Answer 11

… the concentration of H+ ions

Question 12

Acids have a pH………

Answer 12

below 7 - yellow/red

Question 13

Alkalis have a pH…………..

Answer 13

above 7 - blue/purple

Question 14

Why is a pH meter better than universal indicator to measure the pH of a substance?

Answer 14

It is more accurate

Question 15

What is the pH of a neutral substance?

Answer 15

7 - green

Question 16

What are indicators?

Answer 16

A substance that changes colour to show the point of neutralisation or the pH of a substance

e.g. universal indicator, litmus paper

Question 17

What is a displacement reaction?

Answer 17

It is a reaction where a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal

e.g zinc + iron oxide —–> zinc oxide + iron

Question 18

What is the reactivity series?

Answer 18

It is the order in which metals are placed based on their reactivity. More reactive metals are placed at the top.

Question 19

Definition of an acid.

Answer 19

A substance that can attack metal, clothing or the skin. Has a pH of less than 7. They are proton (H+ ion) donators.

Question 20

What is a burette?

Answer 20

A long glass tube with a tap at one end and markings to show volumes of liquid. Used to add precisely known amounts of liquids to a solution in a conical flask below it. It is used to measure variable accurate volumes of liquids.

Question 21

What do we mean by the term precipitate?

Answer 21

An insoluble solid formed by a reaction taking place in solution. (Some salts are insoluble)

Question 22

What is a pipette?

Answer 22

A tube used to measure a fixed accurate volume of liquid.

Question 23

What is an ore?

Answer 23

Rock which contains enough metal to make it economically worthwhile to extract the metal.

Question 24

What is a weak acid? (H)

Answer 24

Acids that do not deionise completely so only produce a few H⁺ ions

Question 25

What is a strong acid? (H)

Answer 25

Acids that deionise completely to produce H⁺ ions

Question 26

What is a dependent variable?

Answer 26

One that you measure

Question 27

What is a control variable?

Answer 27

One that you must keep the same

Question 28

What is an independent variable?

Answer 28

One that you change

Question 29

What does valid mean?

Answer 29

You have used a suitable method and equipment to get an answer (data) to your question

Question 30

What does reproducible mean?

Answer 30

A measurement is reproducible if SOMEONE else can do the experiment and get the same results

Question 31

What does repeatable mean?

Answer 31

A measurement is repeatable if YOU can do the experiment again and get the same results

Question 32

What is qualitative date?

Answer 32

Descriptive date such as eye colour

Question 33

What is quantitative data?

Answer 33

Data that is numerical e.g. a measurement

Question 34

What is thermal decomposition?

Answer 34

The breakdown of a compound by heating

Question 35

What is the charge on these polyatomic ions?

• Hydroxide ion OH
• Sulphate ion SO₄
• Nitrate ion NO₃
• Carbonate ion CO₃

Answer 35

• OH^-
• SO₄ ^2-
• NO₃ ^-
• CO₃ ^2-

Question 36

Why is a pH curve used?

Answer 36

To give a more accurate measure of the exact volumes of acids and alkalis need for neutralisation

Question 37

What is the name of this piece of equipment?

Answer 37

Conical flask

Question 38

What is the name of this piece of equipment?

Answer 38

volumetric flask

Question 39

What is the meniscu?

Answer 39

The curved upper surface of a liquid in a tube or cylinder

Remember we always measure from the bottom of the meniscus