chapter 5 Flashcards
(31 cards)
Aramaic paraphrases of and expansions on Scripture
Targums
The complete body of Jewish oral traditions, including the Mishnah, the Tosefta, and the Gemara
Talmud
The earliest of the rabbinic writings, put into written form about AD 200, composed of the rulings of rabbis on a wide range of issues related to the application of Torah to everyday life
Mishnah
Discussions and interpretations of the Jewish law produced by rabbis in the centuries after the destruction of Jerusalem
rabbinic writings
A large body of ancient Jewish writings
Most produced during the Second Temple period, which were not included in the Apocrypha
pseudepigrapha
A collection of Jewish texts written after the OT Period which are rejected by Protestants as authoritative Scripture but accepted by Roman Catholics and Orthodox Christians
Apocrypha
First-century Jewish philosopher (approximately 20 BC to AD 40) whose works help us understand the convergence of Judaism and Hellenism
Philo
First-century Jewish historian (37 BC to approximately AD 100) Our most important extra-biblical source for the history and culture of first-century Judaism
Josephus
Jewish expectation for an end-times kind descended from David who would reign over Israel in righteousness and justice
Davidic Messiah
Jewish movement beginning in the second century BC which looked to God’s imminent intervention in history to judge the wicked and reward the rightous
apocalypticism
Jewish insurrectionists who engaged in revolutionary activities against the Roman authorities
Zealots
Referring to end-times
God’s time of final salvation
eschatology
eschatological
An ancient library discovered in caves near the Dead Sea in 1947 and likely associated with the first-century Jewish community at Qumran
Dead Sea Scrolls
A Jewish community near the Dead Sea which likely produced the Dead Sea Scrolls. Most scholars believe the ___ community were Essenes
Qumran
A Jewish sect which rigorously kept the law and often lived in monastic communities. The Dead Sea scrolls were probably an ___ library
Essenes
A traditional messianic title referring to the Messiah’s descent from the line of David, Israel’s greatest king
Son of David
a religious and political party in first-century Judaism which strictly adhered to purity laws and the law of Moses, both the written law and oral traditions
Pharisees
A religious and political party in first-century Judaism mad up mostly of the priestly leadership and aristocracy
Sadducees
Experts in the law of Moses
scribes
The Jewish high court
Sanhedrin
Jewish high priest from AD 18-36, and so the high priest of Jesus’ public ministry
Caiaphas
The highest religious office in Judaism. The ___ oversaw temple worship and the religious life of the Jews
high priest
Levites from the family of Aaron, who served as ___ in the temple
priests
Descendants of Jacob’s son Levi, who were dedicated as a tribe to serve Yahweh and the temple
Levites
