Chapter 5

Question 1

Self-concept

Answer 1

Person’s knowledge about themselves incl traits, social identities, and experiences.

Question 2

Ego

Answer 2

Aspect of self that directs one’s thoughts and actions.

Question 3

Social identity theory

Answer 3

Theory that ppl define and evaluate themselves largely in terms of social groups w which they identify.

Question 4

Social role theory

Answer 4

Theory that gender differences in behaviour, personality, and self-definition arise because a long history of role distribution between sexes and error-prone assumptions that those roles are essential to nature.

Question 5

Self-schema

Answer 5

Integrated set of memories, beliefs and generalizations about a personally important attribute that defines self.

Question 6

Working self-concept

Answer 6

Set of self-aspects that are currently activated by situational cues and strongly influence thoughts, feelings, and action in the moment.

Question 7

Solo status

Answer 7

Sense that one is unique in some specific manner to other ppl in the current environment.

Question 8

Symbolic interactionism

Answer 8

Perspective that ppl use their understanding of how others view them as the primary basis for knowing and evaluating themselves.

Question 9

Looking glass self

Answer 9

Idea that others reflect back to us (looking glass) who we are by how they behave towards us.

Question 10

Reflected appraisals

Answer 10

What we think other ppl think about us.

Question 11

Social comparison theory

Answer 11

Theory that ppl come to know themselves partly by comparing themselves w similar others.

Question 12

Upward/downward comparison

Answer 12

Comparing yourself to others above n below you

Question 13

Better than average effect

Answer 13

Tendency to rank oneself higher than most ppl on positive attributes.

Question 14

Self-perception theory

Answer 14

Theory that ppl sometimes infer their attitudes and attributes by observing their behaviour and the situation in which it occurs.

Question 15

Facial feedback hypothesis

Answer 15

Idea that changes in facial expression elicit emotions associated w those expressions

Question 16

Two-factor theory of emotion

Answer 16

Theory that ppls emotions are the product of both their arousal level and how they interpret that arousal level based on contextual cues.

Question 17

Misattribution of arousal

Answer 17

Inadvertent ascription of arousal resulting from one source to a different source.

Question 18

Excitation transfer theory

Answer 18

Idea that leftover arousal caused by initial event can intensify emotional reactions to a second, unrelated event.

Question 19

Self-awareness theory

Answer 19

Theory that aspects of self- one’s attitudes, values, and goals will be most likely to influence behaviour when attention is focused on the self.

Question 20

Self-regulation

Answer 20

Set of processes for guiding ones thoughts, feelings, and behaviour to reach desired goals.

Question 21

Self-discrepancy theory

Answer 21

Theory that ppl feel anxiety when they fall short of how they ought to be but feel sad when they fall short of who they want to be.