Chapter 5

Question 1

As you go up in elevation, what happens to temperature, air pressure and density

Answer 1

Temperature decreases as it goes away from earth

Air pressure decline and air will thin causing density to decrease

Question 2

Air pressure is

Answer 2

The weight of overlying air acting in an area

Question 3

Air pressure does 3 things

Answer 3

Acts in all directions

Will not collapse under weight

Air will push up at same pressure as it does down

Question 4

Daltons law

Answer 4

Total pressure exerted by mixture of gases equals the sum of pressures produced by each constituent gas

Question 5

Air pressure will

Answer 5

Decline with altitude

Question 6

Why will air pressure decline with altitude

Answer 6

Because as you go up there is less air above you so there is less weight pushing on you, declining pressure

Question 7

Surface area differs from____and variations are not always due to

Answer 7

One place to another. Differences in elevation of the land

Question 8

What impacts air pressure and what has a larger influence

Answer 8

Temperature and density impacts air pressure with temperature having a bigger impact

Question 9

When temperatures rise, what happens to kinetic energy and pressure

Answer 9

Kinetic energy will increase and pressure will decrease

Question 10

Heated air is less

Answer 10

Dense and lighter and exerts less pressure on earth

Question 11

Greater density of cold air vs warm at the same pressure will affect

Answer 11

The rate where air pressure drops with increasing altitude

Question 12

Air pressure will drop more rapidly in altitudes with and why does this happen

Answer 12

Cold air because it is denser and has less kinetic energy

Question 13

500 mb surfaces represent where

Answer 13

Half of atmosphere is above and half below by mass

Question 14

Isobaric surfaces are

Answer 14

Surfaces of constant pressure

Question 15

Isobaric surfaces will slope downward from

Answer 15

Relatively warm tropics to relatively cold high latitude

Question 16

As humidity of air increases

Answer 16

Air density will decrease so there is less pressure

Question 17

Why does water vapor reduce the density of air

Answer 17

Bc molecular weight of water is less than the average molecular weight of dry air

Question 18

Cold dry air masses are what and produce what

Answer 18

Densest and produce highest surface pressures

Question 19

Warm humid air masses are what and produce what

Answer 19

Less dense and produce lowest surface pressures

Question 20

What can influence surface air pressure

Answer 20

Local conditions and air mass advection

Question 21

A change in air pressure will occur with

Answer 21

Warm and cold air advection

Question 22

What is convergence and divergence and what does it impact

Answer 22

They are wind patterns that are produced by a circular pattern where horizontal wind blow toward (converge) or away (diverge) from a location. They impact air pressure

Question 23

Converging winds

Answer 23

Blow toward a column of air

Question 24

Diverging winds

Answer 24

Blow away from a column of air

Question 25

If more air diverges at a surface than converges

Answer 25

Air density and surface air pressure will decrease, forming a cyclone

Question 26

If more air converges at a surface than diverges

Answer 26

Air density and surface pressure increase, forming an anti-cyclone

Question 27

Air will diverge and converge from

Answer 27

Diverge from H and converge from L

Question 28

Charles law states

Answer 28

When pressure is constant, absolute temp in kelvin’s is inversely proportional to density

Question 29

Boyle’s law states

Answer 29

When temp is constant, air pressure is directly proportional to density

Question 30

When pressure on a gas increases, what happens to density and volume

Answer 30

Density is directly proportional to pressure if temp is constant so it will increase but volume will decrease

Question 31

Ideal gas law is

Answer 31

Combination of both Charles and Boyle’s law, where pressure is directly proportional to the product of density and temperature

Question 32

At a fixed density, temperature and pressure are

Answer 32

Directly proportional

Question 33

At a fixed temp pressure and density are

Answer 33

Directly proportional

Question 34

At fixed pressure, temperature and density are

Answer 34

Inversely proportional

Question 35

In the atmosphere, temperature, pressure and density can

Answer 35

Change simultaneously

Question 36

Example of how temp pressure and density can change simultaneously in the atmosphere

Answer 36

When air temp rises, air will expand, density will decrease and so does air pressure

Question 37

What happens to air density and pressure in the winter when temperatures drop

Answer 37

The air will drop and air pressure will increase. Gas laws are satisfied bc density will increase as the temp drops since they are both inversely proportional to each other

Question 38

As an air parcel rises, what occurs

Answer 38

Expansional cooling

Question 39

What happens in expansional cooling

Answer 39

It expands, and pressure and temp both decrease

Question 40

When an air parcel descends, what occurs

Answer 40

Compressional cooling

Question 41

What happens in compressional cooling

Answer 41

It will compress and temp and pressure will increase

Question 42

Adiabatic process

Answer 42

Change in temp where no heat is exchanged between air parcel and surroundings

Question 43

What does the adiabatic process relate to

Answer 43

Expansional and compressional cooling

Question 44

Temp of an ascending or descending unsaturated air parcel changes in response to

Answer 44

Expansion and compression only

Question 45

Rate where Temperature of ascending or descending unsaturated parcel changes in response to expansion or compression only

Answer 45

Dry adiabatic rate

Question 46

What does it mean when adiabatic rate is dry

Answer 46

Dry means it is any parcel not saturated with water vapor

Question 47

Ascending unsaturated air will what and what will the sky cover be like

Answer 47

Cool at dry rate with sky’s being clear

Question 48

Ascending saturated air will what and what will the sky cover be like

Answer 48

Will cool as lesser moist rate and sky’s will be cloudy

Question 49

If moist rising air cools to point where relative humidity is 100% then

Answer 49

Air parcel is saturated and condensation and despotion will occur

Question 50

Latent heat will release due to what and what will it counter

Answer 50

Phase of water change, countering expansional cooling which will cool air at lower rate than unsaturated air

Question 51

What is released from a saturated rising parcel and when and what does it counter

Answer 51

Latent heat is releases during condensation or desposition that partially counter expansional cooling