Chapter 5 - Bone

Question 1

4 main fxn’s of bone

Answer 1

1. Structural support
2. Serve as levers for muscles/ locomotion
3. Protect organs and house bone marrow
4. Metabolic reserve for minerals

Question 2

Inorganic matrix of bone is composed of…

Answer 2

1. Hydroxyapatite crystals
2. Calcium phosphate
3. Other minerals

Question 3

Inorganic matrix comprises ___ % of bone?

Answer 3

65%

Question 4

Organic matrix of bone is composed of…

Answer 4

1. Collagen I (~80-90%)
2. Sulfated & Non-sulfated (HA) GAG’s
3. Glycoproteins

Question 5

Sulfated GAG’s in bone are primarily…

Answer 5

Chondroitin and keratin sulfates

Question 6

Does organic matrix of bone have H2O?

Answer 6

small amts due to HA (non-sulfated GAG)

Question 7

Glycoproteins =

Answer 7

proteins that bind minerals to collagen

Question 8

collagen in bone is ______ organized?

Answer 8

highly

Question 9

Children have a _____ % of organic martix

Answer 9

higher

Question 10

What contributes to the increase in flexibility of children’s bone?

Answer 10

Higher % of organic matrix

Question 11

Increase flexibility of a child’s bones makes them more prone to ______ fractures

Answer 11

Greenstick

Question 12

Children’s bony matrix is organized _____ than adult’s

Answer 12

more randomly

Question 13

As maturity increases, matrix uniformity _____ , therefore stability _____

Answer 13

uniformity increases

stability increases

Question 14

Osteoprogenitor cells =

Answer 14

osteogenic cells

Question 15

Osteoprogenitor cells appear

Answer 15

flat

Question 16

Osteoprogenitor cells located in

Answer 16

Endosteum and Periosteum

Question 17

Osteoprogenitor cells derived from

Answer 17

1) Mesenchyme cells (usually)

2) Chondrogenic cells (possibly)

Question 18

Osteoprogenitor cells fxn

Answer 18

to change into bone cells (specifically, osteoblasts)

Question 19

Osteoprogenitor cells undergo Mitosis?

Answer 19

YES

Question 20

Osteoblast appearance

Answer 20

cuboid to columnar

Question 21

Osteoblast location

Answer 21

Endothelium and Periosteum

Question 22

Osteoblast derived from

Answer 22

osteoprogenitor cells

Question 23

Osteoblast fxns

Answer 23

1) Produce osteoid original matrix
2) Produce an an anti-inhibitor that neutralizes CIF
3) Respond to PTH

Question 24

Describe osteoblast response to PTH

Answer 24

1) Produce a factor (OPGL) that causes the creation of more osteoclasts
2) Produce osteoclast stimulating factor
3) Produce enzymes to condition bone surface for osteoclasts

Question 25

Which bone cells produce osteoid original matrix?

Answer 25

Osteoblast

Question 26

Which bone cells produce an an anti-inhibitor that neutralizes CIF?

Answer 26

Osteoblast

Question 27

Which bone cell produce enzymes to condition bone surface for osteoclasts?

Answer 27

Osteoblast

Question 28

Which bone cells are derived from mesenchyme or chondrogenic cells?

Answer 28

Osteoprogenitor cells

Question 29

Osteoblasts undergo mitosis?

Answer 29

NO

Question 30

Osteocyte appearance

Answer 30

conforms to lacuna

Question 31

Osteocyte location

Answer 31

surrounded by matrix

Question 32

Which bone cells are surrounded by matrix?

Answer 32

Osteocyte

Question 33

Which bone cells are found in the Endosteum and Periosteum?

Answer 33

1) Osteoprogenitor 2) Osteoblast 3) Osteoclast

Question 34

Osteocyte derived from

Answer 34

osteoblast