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Medical Terminology > Chapter 5 - Cardiovascular & Lymphatic Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Cardiovascular & Lymphatic Systems Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Angiography

A

x-ray visualization of internal anatomy of the heart and blood vessels after the intravascular introduction of a contrast medium

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2
Q

Aortostenosis

A

narrowing of the aorta

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3
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

disorder characterized by thickening, loss of elasticity, passing and calcification of arterial walls

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4
Q

Atheroma

A

fatty degeneration or thickening of the larger arterial walls, as occurs in artherosclerosis

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5
Q

Phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein

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6
Q

Thrombolysis

A

breaking up of a thrombus

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7
Q

Vascular

A

pertaining to or composed of blood vessels

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8
Q

Venous

A

pertaining to the veins or blood passing though them

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9
Q

Tachycardia

A

rapid heart rate

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10
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

record of electrical activity of the heart

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11
Q

Arteriostenosis

A

narrowing of an artery

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12
Q

Endocardium

A

structure within the heart

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13
Q

Flutter

A

a rapid contraction of the atrium or ventricle of the heart

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14
Q

Septum

A

a wall or partition dividing a body space or cavity

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15
Q

Aneurysm

A

localized dilation of the wall of a blood vessel, introducing the risk of rupture

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16
Q

Arrhythmia

A

irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat; also called dysrhythmia

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17
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

the most common form of arteriosclerosis, caused by an accumulation of fatty substances within the walls of the arteries causing partial and eventually total occlusion

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18
Q

Bruit

A

soft blowing sound heard on auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow

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19
Q

Coronary Artery Disease

A

abnormal condition that may affect the heart’s arteries and produce various pathological effects, especially the reduced flow of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium

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20
Q

Deep Vein Thrombosis

A

formation of a blood clot in a deep vein of the body, most commonly in iliac and femoral veins

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21
Q

Embolus

A

mass of undissolved matter present in a blood or lymphatic vessel brought there by the blood or lymph current

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22
Q

Fibrillation

A

irregular, random contraction of heart fibers

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23
Q

Heart failure

A

condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the metabolic requirement of body tissues

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24
Q

Hypertension

A

consistently elevated blood pressure that is higher than normal causing damage to the blood vessels and ultimately the heart `

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25
Ischemia
decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part due to an interruption of blood flow
26
Mitral valve prolapse
condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole, resulting in incomplete closure and back flow of blood
27
Murmur
abnormal sound heard on auscultation, caused by defects in the valves or chambers of the heart
28
Myocardial Infarction
necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused my partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries
29
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth resulting in an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta
30
Raynaud phenomenon
numbness in fingers or toes due to intermittent constriction of arterioles in the skin
31
Rheumatic Heart Disease
streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle, most often seen in children and young adults
32
Stroke
damage to part of the brain due to interruption of its blood supply, commonly caused by blockage of an artery
33
Transient ischemic attack
temporary interference with blood supply in the brain, causing no permanent damage
34
Varicose Veins
swollen, distended beings caused by incompetent venous valves
35
Cardiac catheterization
insertion of a small tube through a small incision in the arm or leg that is threaded through a blood vessel until it reaches the heart
36
Cardiac Enzyme Studies
battery of blood tests performed to determine the presence of cardiac damage
37
Echocardiography
ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures and motion of the heart
38
Electrocardiography
creation and study of graphic records produced by electrical activity generated by the heart muscle
39
Holter monitor
monitoring device worn on the patient for making prolonged electrocardiograph recordings on a portable tape recorder while conducting normal daily activities
40
Stress test
method of evaluating CV fitness by measuring the amount of oxygen consumed and recording an ECG while a patient exercises and is subjected to increasing levels of stress
41
Troponin 1
blood test that measures protein that is released into the blood by damaged heart muscle and is a highly specific indicator of a recent myocardial infarction
42
Angioplasty
any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels and restores forward blood flow, usually via balloon dilation
43
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
surgery that involves bypassing one ore more blocked coronary arteries to increase blood flow
44
Statins
drugs that reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
45
Thrombolytic therapy
administration of drugs to dissolve a blood clot
46
Valvuloplasty
plastic or restorative surgery on a valve especially a cardiac valve
47
Lymphopoiesis
formation of lymphocytes or of lymphoid tissue
48
Thyoma
usually a benign tumor of the thymus gland
49
Anaphylaxis
extreme allergic reaction characterized by a rapid decrease in blood pressure, breathing difficulties, hives, and abdominal cramps
50
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
deficiency of cellular immunity induced by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), characterized by increasing susceptibility to infections, malignancies, and neurological diseases
51
Hodgkin disease
malignant disease characterized by painless, progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue, usually first evident in cervical lymph nodes, splenomegaly, and the presence of unique Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes
52
Kaposi sarcoma
malignancy of connective tissue including bone, fat, muscle, and fibrous tissue, associated most often with AIDS
53
Lymphadenitis
inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes, usually as a result of infection
54
Mononucleosis
acute infection caused by Epstein-Barr Virus characterized by sore throat, fever, fatigue, and enlarged lymph nodes
55
non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
any of a heterogenous group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue except for Hodgkin disease
56
Bone Marrow Aspiration Biopsy
removal of living tissue, usually taken from the sternum or iliac crest, for microscopic examination of bone marrow tissue
57
Lymphangiography
radiographic examination of lymph glands and vessels after injection of a contrast medium
58
Tissue typing
technique for determining the histocompatibility of tissues to be used for grafts and transplants with the recipient's tissues and cells
59
Desiccated
to remove the moisture from a thing that normal contains moisture, to dry out completely, to dehydrate
60
Dyspnea
difficult or labored breathing, shortness of breath
61
Malaise
a condition of general bodily weakness or discomfort, often marking the onset of a disease
62
ST-T wave
segment between ventricular depolarization and repolarization
63
Syncope
partial or complete loss of consciousness with interruption of awareness of oneself and ones surroundings
64
Heparin
an anticoagulant drug, useful in preventing thromboembolic complications
65
Lidocaine
an anesthetic with sedative, analgesic and cardiac depressant properties used as local anesthetic or to treat arrhythmias
66
Sheath
specifically designed tubular instrument through which other special instruments can be passed or blood clots, tissue fragments, and calculi can be removed
67
Sinoatrial node
maintains primary responsibility for initiating heartbeat
68
Angina pectoris
sever pain and constriction about the heart caused by an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

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