Chapter 5: Cardiovascular System Flashcards by Croissant Boy

Middle and thickest of the three layers of the heart

Myocardium

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Valve of heart located between LF atrium and LT ventricle

Mitral valve

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Oxygenated blood is carried from the lungs into LF atrium by the

Pulmonary veins

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Name for a group of fibers located within the interventricular septum that carry an electircal impulse to ensure the sequence of heart contractions is the

Bundle of His

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Structures form low-pressure collecting system to return poor-ocygen blood to the heart known as

veins

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Pressure occurs when ventricles are relaxed and is the lowest pressure against artery walls is called

Diastolic pressure

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Straw-colored fluid contains nutrients, clotting proteins, hormones, and waste products is called

Plasma

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Most common type of white blood cells are

Neutrophils

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Heart valve controls opening between RT atrium and RT ventircle

Triscupid valve

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Component of heart consists of specialized cardiac muscle tissue that constantly contracts and relaxes

Myocardium

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Action of which structure within the walls of the ventricles causes the heart’s ventricles to contract

Purkinje fibers

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Best describes diastolic pressure

Occurs as the ventricles of heart to relax

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Smallest blood vessels in body

Capillaries

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Best describes pulmonary circulation?

Blood flow between the heart and lungs

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Which structure is the sac that contains the heart

Pericardium

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Medical condition whcih there is insufficient supply of oxygen in tissue due to restricted blood flow to a part of the body

Ischemia

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Medical term for heart attack

Myocardial Infarction

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Condition in which there is stiffening, thickening, or blockage of one or more valves of heart

Valvular stenosis

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Benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels is known as

Hemangioma

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Most common type of tachycardia is

Atrial fibrillation

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Substance carries unneeded cholesterol back to liver for processing is AKA good cholesteol is called

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

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A thrombus is

A blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein

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Severe episodes of chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium is

Angina

Chronic condition which the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it recieves is called

Heart failure

Large vessels carry blood away from heart to all regions of the body are known as

Arteries

Only place in the body where veins carry oxygenated blood is

Into the left atrium

Medication reduces workload of heart by slowing rate of heartbeat is

beta-blocker

Natural pacemaker of a heart is called the

Sinoatrial node

Coumadin, brand name for warfarin, is a type of

Anticoagulant

Phase of cardiac cycle where ventricles contract while pumping blood into aorta and pulmonary artery is known as

Systole

Cardiac arrhythmia where the heart muscles quivers ineffectively and is the cause of many sudden cardiac deaths is called

Ventricular fibrillation

Specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of ventricles

Purkinje Fibers

Congenital or acquired arrhythmia caused by the electrical signal moving theough the heart being partially or completely blocked from reaching ventricles is described as

Heartbblock

Episode of very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate at or above the AV node

Supraventricular tachycardia

Highest pressure against artery walls occur when ventricles contract

Systolic

Diagnostic procedure produces images of structures of blood vessels and blood flow theough these vessels

Duplex ultrasound

Tomi is taking calcium-channel blocker to treat his hypertension. What does this medication do?

Relaxes his heart and blood vessels

Drug lowers high blood pressure

Antihypertensive

Use of low voltage electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm in a non-emergency situation is known as

Synchronized cardioversion

Abnormal protrusion of heart valve results inability of valve to close completely

Mitral valve prolapse

Medication prescribed to prevent or relieve pain of angina by dilating blood vessels to the heart is

Nitroglycerin

Damage to heart musclebfrom blood clot in coronary artery

Coronary thrombosis

How does a vasoconstrictor work

Causes blood vessels to narrow

Abnormal blowing or clicking sound in heart

Heart murmur

Medication blocks action of enzyme that causes blood vessels to contract, resulting in hypertension

ACE inhibitor

Intermittent episodes of skin in the affected areas turning white or blue associated with numbness

Raynaud’s disease

Role of capillaries

Deliver oxygen to cells and tissues

Consists epithelial tissue and is the inner lining of heart

Endocardium

Lower two chambers of heart

Ventricles

Describe hypoperfusion

Deficiency of blood passing through organ or body part

Describe temporal arteritis

Inflammation of temporal arteries supplying blood to head and brain

Low blood pressure occurs upon standing up is known as

Orthostatic hypotension

Battery-powered device attached externally or implanted under skin to regular heartbeat is a

Pacemaker

Radiographic test provide image of specific veins after injection of a contrast dye is known as

Venography

Surgical removal of lining of portion of artery leading to brain that is clogged with plaque is known as

Carotid endarterectomy

Event which heart abruptly stops beating or developing an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effectively is called

Cardiac arrest