Chapter 5- Central Nervous System

Question 1

**

The central nervous system contains (mark all that apply)…
a. brain
b. sensory organs
c. spinal cord
d. afferent division
e. efferent division
f. viceral stimuli

Answer 1

a and c

Question 2

Fibers with information between the CNS and the rest of the body

a. PNS
b. afferent division
c. efferent division
d. CNS

Answer 2

a

Question 3

Efferent division carries signals towards the CNS
true/false

Answer 3

F

Question 4

What are the 2 main paths of the efferent division of the CNS

a. fight and flight
b. parasympathetic and sympathetic
c. voluntary and involuntary
d. activations and regulation

Answer 4

c

Question 5

Skeletal muscles are _____

a. enteric
b. part of the PNS
c. voluntary
d. C and B

Answer 5

d.

Question 6

which of the muscles are involuntary?

a. smooth
b. enteric
c. skeletal
d. a and b

Answer 6

a

Question 7

Describe the differance between sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer 7

The para. is the rest/digest system. The symp. is the fight or flight system

Question 8

The enteric nervous system only applies to the endocrine system
true/false

Answer 8

fasle is applies to the digestive system

Question 9

The enteric nervous system can be 100% independant
true/false

Answer 9

T

Question 10

The # of enteric neurons is ( ) to the # of spinal cord neurons

a. equal
b. higher
c. lower
d. It is unknown

Answer 10

b

Question 11

**

The ENS can be modulated by the autonomic system or local signals
true\false

Answer 11

false it can be controlled by hormones not local signals

Question 12

(____) cell bodies & axons are within the PNS

a. afferent
b. effrent
c. eneteric
d. somatic

Answer 12

a.

Question 13

Draw an afferent Neuron

Answer 13

week 6 slide 11

Question 14

Draw an efferent Neuron

Answer 14

week 6 slide 12

Question 15

Efferent neurons carry information (——-) the CNS

Answer 15

away

Question 16

Effernt neurons have (—) axon/s if it is a sympathetic nerve

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

Answer 16

a.

Question 17

Efferent neurons have (—) axon/s if it is an autonomic nerve

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

Answer 17

b.

Question 18

Efferent axon terminals meet up with (——)

Answer 18

effector organs

Question 19

The most abundant type of neuron is ….

a. effernt
b. inertneurons
c. afferent
d. they are all equal

Answer 19

b.

Question 20

where are interneurons found?

a. somatic nervous system
b. autonomic nervous system
c. central nervous system
d. peripheral nervous system

Answer 20

c

Question 21

draw how a signal travels (include all neurons involved)

Answer 21

week 6 slide 13

Question 22

list the types of supporting cells in the nervous system

Answer 22

astrocytes, microglia, ependymal

Question 23

which is not a role of the glial cell astrocyte

a. align spactial relationships between neurons
b. provide structure and format for developing neurons
c. help degrade the blood brain barrier to take up nutrients
d. absorb extra K+ floating in the ECF in the brain

Answer 23

c.

Question 24

why is there so much extra K+ in the brain compared to other organs?

Answer 24

brain has the most synapses so there is a lot of risk of too much K+ flow into the ECF which can mess with membrane potential

Question 25

which of the glial cells are considered the immune cells of the CNS? a. ependymal b. microglia c. astrocytes d. oligodentrocytes

Answer 25

b

Question 26

what are the states that microglia exist?

Answer 26

stimulated and unstimulated

Question 27

describe the shape of each state of microglia

Answer 27

unstimulated are long and whispy while the stimulated are round

Question 28

what role do unstimulated microglia play in the CNS? a. phagocytosis b. release cytokines c. surveilence d. all the above

Answer 28

c.

Question 29

which of the glia cells can be glia or neurons? a. ependymal b. microglia c. astrocytes d. oligodentrocytes

Answer 29

a.

Question 30

where can you find ependymal cells?

Answer 30

they line the fluid filled cavities of the CNS

Question 31

which of the glial cells contribute to the production of cerebrospinal fluid? a. ependymal b. microglia c. astrocytes d. oligodentrocytes

Answer 31

a.

Question 32

what is the purpose of the cerebrospinal fluid? a. produce immune cells for the brain specifically b. absorb shock for the brain and spinal cord c. contribute to signal speed in the CNS d. prevent waste and nutrients from contacting the CNS

Answer 32

b.

Question 33

neurons are amitotic which means a. they dont divide b. they are never in direct contact with another neuron c. they are seperate from the neurons in the spinal cord d. a and b

Answer 33

a.

Question 34

what type of cells cause brain tumors?

Answer 34

glial cells

Question 35

list the parts of the brain from least to most specialized

Answer 35

brain stem, cerebellum, hypothalamus, thalamus, basal nuclei, cerebra cortex

Question 36

draw the brain and identify the location of all the regions

Answer 36

weeks 6 slide 19

Question 37

for each of the following label which brain structure performs the function a. voluntary movement b. sensory perception c. position of the body d. procedural learning/habit e. homeostasis f. life-sustaining functions g. high level sensation h. intellect i. vegatative functions

Answer 37

a. CC b. T c. C d.Basal nuclei e. H f. Brain stem g. CC h. CC i. Brain stem

Question 38

The cerebral cortex is made of 50/50 gray to white matter true/false

Answer 38

true

Question 39

This consists of densly packed neuronal cell bodies, thier dendrites, and most glial cells. a. corpus callamus b. grey matter c. white matter d. a and b

Answer 39

b

Question 40

define white matter in the cerebral cortex

Answer 40

bundles of mylinated nerve fibers (axons) the compose the inner cerebral cortex

Question 41

what structure connects the 2 halfs of the cerebral cortex a. occipital lobe b. sagittal corus c. corpus callsum d. axons

Answer 41

c

Question 42

What are the 4 major lobes of the cerebral cortex?

Answer 42

1. occipital 2. temporal 3. parietal 4. frontal

Question 43

label which function belongs to which cerebral cortex lobe a. voluntary motor activity b. Speech c. Auditory input d. Processing visual input e. Elaboration of thought f. Sensory input

Answer 43

a. F b. F c. T d. O e. F f. P

Question 44

draw and label each lobe of the cerebral cortex

Answer 44

week 6 slide 22

Question 45

what are the two regions of the parietal lobe?

Answer 45

1. primary motor cortex 2. somatosensory cortex

Question 46

the primary motor cortex control.... a. involuntary movement. b. Voluntary movement. c. Sensation d. propiosensation

Answer 46

b.

Question 47

which leg moves when the left motor cortex sends a signal?

Answer 47

the right leg

Question 48

the somatosensory cortex controls... a. involuntary movement. b. Voluntary movement. c. Sensation d. propiosensation

Answer 48

c

Question 49

the somatosensory cortex is also the site for initial proprioseption true/false

Answer 49

T

Question 50

what are the two primary functions of the spinal cord?

Answer 50

1. serves as a link for transmission of information between the brain and the peripheral nervous system. 2. Integrating reflex activity between the afferent and the efferent neurons.

Question 51

in the spinal cord, the gray matter is in the inner region true/false

Answer 51

T

Question 52

The definitions for gray/white matter are the same for the definitions of the gray/white matter in the brain and spinal cord. true/false

Answer 52

True

Question 53

white matter in the spinal cord is organized into

Answer 53

acending/decending tracts specific to the CNS

Question 54

acending neurons take information (-----) the brain

Answer 54

toward

Question 55

decending neurons take information (--------) the brain

Answer 55

from

Question 56

acending neurons are ... a. afferent input b. sensory input c. efferent input d. a and b

Answer 56

A

Question 57

decending neurons are..... a. afferent input b. motor input c. efferent input d. b and c

Answer 57

d

Question 58

answer question 127 in the notebook

Question 59

afferent neurons connect to the spinal cord through (-------)

Answer 59

the dorsal root of the spinal cord

Question 60

efferent neurons connect to the spinal cord through (---------)

Answer 60

the ventral root

Question 61

spinal nerves contain both afferent and efferent nerves true/false

Answer 61

T

Question 62

Describe the dorsal horn, lateral horn, and ventral horn.

Answer 62

All of the above are within the spine. Dorsal Horn:where the afferent neuron terminates and cell body of interneuron. Lateral Horn: where the cell body of efferent autonomic nerve is Ventral Horn: where the cell body of the efferent somatic nerve is