Chapter 5 - Electrons And Bonding

Question 1

Number of electrons in first shell

Answer 1

2

Question 2

Number of electrons in shell 4

Answer 2

32

Question 3

Number of electrons in the 2nd shell

Answer 3

8

Question 4

Number of electrons in shell 3

Answer 4

18

Question 5

What is an atomic orbital

Answer 5

A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins

Question 6

What are the 4 different types of orbitals

Answer 6

S-, p-, d- & f-

Question 7

How many electrons can an orbital hold

Answer 7

One or two

Question 8

In an S-orbital, the electron cloud is within the shape of a […]

Answer 8

sphere

Question 9

Each shell from n=1 contains [?] orbital

Answer 9

One

Question 10

The greater the shell number n, the greater the

Answer 10

Radius of its s-orbital

Question 11

In a p-orbital, the electron cloud is within the shape of a […]

Answer 11

Dumb-bell

Question 12

How many s orbitals are there

Answer 12

One

Question 13

How many p orbitals are there

Answer 13

3

Question 14

How many d orbitals are there

Answer 14

5

Question 15

How many f orbitals are there

Answer 15

7

Question 16

What are each of the 3 p orbitals referred to as

Answer 16

Px, Py, and Pz

Question 17

A new type of orbital is added for each […]

Answer 17

Shell

Question 18

Orbitals in shell 1

Answer 18

Just 1 S orbital

Question 19

Orbitals in shell 2

Answer 19

One S orbital and 3 P orbitals

Question 20

Orbitals in shell 3

Answer 20

1 S orbital, 3 P orbitals, and 5 D orbitals

Question 21

Orbitals in shell 4

Answer 21

1 S, 3 P, 5 D, 7 F orbitals

Question 22

Subshells present in shell 1

Answer 22

1s
2 electrons

Question 23

Subshells present in shell 2

Answer 23

2s + 2p
(2 + 6 electrons = 8)

Question 24

Subshells present in shell 3

Answer 24

3s + 3p + 3d
(2 + 6 + 10 electrons = 18)

Question 25

Subshells present in shell 4

Answer 25

4s + 4p + 4d + 4f (2 + 6 + 10 + 14 electrons = 32)

Question 26

Orbitals fill in order of

Answer 26

Increasing energy

Question 27

n=2 shell order of filling

Answer 27

2s, 2p

Question 28

n=3 shell order of filling

Answer 28

3s, 3p, 3d, 3f

Question 29

n=4 shell order of filling

Answer 29

4s, 4p, 4d, 4f

Question 30

Why does the 4s sub shell fill before the 3d one

Answer 30

The 3d subshell is at a higher energy level than the 4s one -> therefore the highest energy level in the third overlaps with the lowest one in the fourth -> so the order of filling in that case becomes 3p, 4s, 3d

Question 31

Electrons can spin either […] or […]

Answer 31

Up or down

Question 32

The 2 electrons in an orbital must have spins that […]

Answer 32

Are opposite

Question 33

What do the opposite spins of electrons do

Answer 33

Help counteract the repulsion between the negative charges of two electrons

Question 34

Orbitals with the same energy are occupied […] first

Answer 34

Singly

Question 35

How will four electrons occupy the p orbitals of a p sub shell

Answer 35

1 electron in each of the 3 orbitals and then pairing can take place: The leftover electron goes and pairs to one of the electrons in the orbital and they have opposite spins Like this: <- -> <- <-

Question 36

Ionic bonding is …

Answer 36

the electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 37

Ionic bonding occurs between

Answer 37

Metals & non metals

Question 38

The greater the charge of the ions the […] the ionic bond

Answer 38

Stronger

Question 39

Why is the electrostatic force stronger if ions are smaller

Answer 39

Bc they can get closer together