Chapter 5: Flexibility and Low-Back Health Term and Definitions Flashcards
(17 cards)
Flexibility
The range of motion in a joint or group of joints
Range of motion
The full motion possible in a joint
Joint capsules
Semielastic structures, composed primarily of connective tissue, that surround major joints
8 examples of soft tissues
- Skin
- Fat
- Linings of the internal organs and blood vessels
- Connective tissues
- Tendon
- Ligaments
- Muscles
Collagen
White fibres that provide structure and support in connective tissue
Elastin
Yellow fibres that make connective tissue flexible
Titin
A filament in muscle that helps align proteins that cause muscle contraction
Stretch receptors
Sense organs in skeletal muscles that initiate a nerve signal to the spinal cord in response to a stretch
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Function (PNF)
A technique for stretching and strengthening muscles
Delayed-onset muscle soreness
Soreness that occurs 1-2 days after exercising, caused by tissue damage and inflammation
Static stretching
The muscle is slowly stretched and held in the stretched position
Ballistic stretching
The muscle is stretched as a body part is repeatedly bounced, swung or jerked
Passive stretching
The muscles are stretched by force applied by an outside source
Active stretching
Muscles are stretched by the contraction of the opposing muscles
Vertebrae
Bony segments making up the spinal column that provide structural support for the body and protect the spinal cord
Intervertebral disk
An elastic disk located between adjoining vertebrae consisting of a gel/water filled nucleus surrounded by fibrous rings
Nerve root
Base of one of 31 pairs of spinal nerves that branch off the spinal cord through spaces between vertebrae
