Chapter 5: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Question 1

What is the name of the circular ring of muscle at the lower end of the esophagus where it joins the stomach?

Answer 1

The Lower Esophageal Sphincter.

Question 2

After swallowing, what does the Sphincter does?

Answer 2

Relaxes to allow food to enter the stomach and then contracts to prevent the back-up of food and acid into the esophagus.

Question 3

When does Acid Reflux occurs?

Answer 3

When the Sphincter doesn’t close properly.

Question 4

What happens when the Sphincter doesn’t tighten or close properly?

Answer 4

The digestive juices and other contents from the stomach rise up into the esophagus.

Question 5

Who can have GERD?

Answer 5

Anyone including infants.

Question 6

What are the most common symptoms of GERD?

Answer 6

Heartburn, chest pain, difficulty swallowing and persistent hoarseness.

Question 7

What happens when GERD worsens?

Answer 7

Might require medications or surgery.

Question 8

People can improve their symptoms by what lifestyle changes?

Answer 8

Weight loss, no caffeine, chocolate, alcohol, quit smoking, eating smaller meals, avoiding late meals, and raising the head of the bed while sleeping.