Chapter 5 - Health And Disease - Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards
What is cardiovascular disease?
Disease affecting the heart (cardio) and blood vessels (vascular)
What are some factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?
~ obesity
~ smoking
What does BMI stand for, and what is it used for?
Body Mass Index - used to measure/predict the amount of fat on the body
What do you have to assume when calculating your BMI?
That the mass of other body tissues is in proportion to height
How do you calculate BMI?
BMI = mass (kg) / height^2 (m)
What BMI of an adult is usually obese?
30 or more
What is the fat closely linked with cardiovascular disease?
Abdominal fat
Bob has mass 80kg and height 162cm. Is he obese? (Work out BMI)
BMI = mass (kg) / height^2 (m) BMI = 80 / 1.62^2 BMI = 80 / 2.6244 BMI = 30. 483 Bob is slightly obese
What is a better way of measuring abdominal fat than your BMI?
Waist / hip measurement to get waist:hip ratio
What do substances from tobacco smoke do?
Damage the artery lining
What happens at the site of damage (of the artery lining)?
Fat builds up in artery wall, making the artery narrower
What happens when the artery is narrowed?
A blood clot may block the artery here, or break off and block an artery in another part of the body causing a heart attack or stroke
What is coronary heart disease?
When the arteries that supply the heart get blocked
What is subcutaneous fat?
Fat found under the skin
What do excessive amounts of visceral fat do?
Cause greater risk to health
