Chapter 5 Implantation And Placenta Development

Question 1

It is the area of villi in contact with the decidua basalis.

Answer 1

Chorion frondosum

Question 2

What is the average duration o a normal menstrual cycle?

Answer 2

25-32 days

Question 3

Of 2 million oocytes in the human ovary present at birth, how many are present at the onset of puberty?

Answer 3

400,000 million

Question 4

What days are characterized by predecidual cells, which surround the spiral arterioles?

Answer 4

Days 23 to 28

Question 5

Mediates a unique fetal-maternal communication system, which creates a hormonal environment that initally maintains pregnancy and parturition.

Answer 5

Placenta

Question 6

Remaining follicles are depleted at approximately what rate per month until age 35.

Answer 6

1000 follicles per month

Question 7

How many follicles are released during normal female reproductive life?

Answer 7

400 follicles

Question 8

What enzyme is present in the granulosa cells which converts androstenedione into estradiol?

Answer 8

P450 aromatase

Question 9

What is a precursor of estradiol?

Answer 9

Androstenedione

Question 10

Onset of gonadotropin surge occurs how many hours before an ovum is relased from the follicle?

Answer 10

34 to 36 hours

Question 11

What is an important source of cholesterol for steroidogenesis?

Answer 11

Low density lipoprotein (LDL)

Question 12

What days during mid to late secretory phase does the stroma becomes edematous?

Answer 12

Days 21 to 24

Question 13

LH secretion peaks how many hours before ovulation?

Answer 13

10 - 12 hours

Question 14

Corpus Luteum develops from the dominant Graafian follicle remains in a process referred to as

Answer 14

Luteinization

Question 15

Changes within the endometrium also can mark the window of implantation seen on days?

Answer 15

Days 22 and 25

Question 16

What is the primary leutotropic factor responsible for corpus luteum maintenance?

Answer 16

Leutinizing Hormone (LH)

Question 17

Ovarian progesterone peaks how many mg/day during midluteal phase?

Answer 17

25 to 50mg/day

Question 18

In the absence of pregnancy, how many days will the corpus luteum rapidly regress after ovulation via apoptotic cell death?

Answer 18

9 to 11 days

Question 19

Most biologically potent naturally occuring estrogen.

Answer 19

17B-estradiol

Question 20

The superficial endometrium that is shed of during menstruation

Answer 20

Functionalis layer

Question 21

What is an essential hormonal signal on which most events in the normal menstrual cycle depends?

Answer 21

Estrogen

Question 22

Progesterone enters cell by

Answer 22

Diffusion

Question 23

What is released after ovulation?

Answer 23

Corpus luteum

Question 24

A prostaglandin that appears to be luteolytic

Answer 24

Prostaglandin F2a(PGf2a)

Question 25

What day does the glandular cell mitosis ceases in response to rising progesterone levels?

Answer 25

Day 19

Question 26

On what days does the stromal cells surrounding the spiral arterioles begin to enlarge and stromal mitosis becomes apparent?

Answer 26

Days 22 to 25

Question 27

The deeper layer of the endometrium that regenerates after menstruation

Answer 27

Basalis layer

Question 28

What phase is the most important factor in endometrial recovery following menstruation?

Answer 28

Follicular-phase estradiol production

Question 29

By how many days of the endometrial cycle does the epithelial surface be restored?

Answer 29

5th day of menses

Question 30

These are luminal protrutions on the apical cell surface that is important in preparation for blastocyst implantantion.

Answer 30

Pinopodes

Question 31

What is the first sign of ovulation?

Answer 31

Subnuclear vacuoles and pseudostratification

Question 32

What day during post ovulatory phase does the vacuoles move to apical portion of nonciliated cells?

Answer 32

Day 18

Question 33

What is the name given to the phenomenon that describes how fetal cells can become engrafted in the mother during pregnancy and then be identified decades later?

Answer 33

Microchimerism

Question 34

End-diastolic bloodflow can be identified in the fetal umbilical artery by the end of which week of pregnancy?

Answer 34

10th week

Question 35

It is a failure of the intraabdominal portion of the umbilical vesicle to atrophy.

Answer 35

Meckel diverticulum

Question 36

Gives rise to the chorionic structures that transport oxygen and nutrients between fetus and mother

Answer 36

Villous trophoblast

Question 37

Remodeling of maternal spiral arteries by invading trophoblasts is completed by which week(s) of pregnancy?

Answer 37

12–16 weeks

Question 38

Maternal regulation o trophoblast invasion and vascular growth is mainly controlled by

Answer 38

Decidual natural killer (DNK) cells

Question 39

A zone of fibrinoid degeneration where the invading trophoblast and decidua meet.

Answer 39

Nitabuch layer

Question 40

At 5 days postfertilization, the blastocyst is released and hatched from which surrounding structure?

Answer 40

Zona pellucida