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A&P > Chapter 5 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

loose connective tissue full of fat cells

A

Adipose

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2
Q

wide and flat tendon

A

aponeuroses

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3
Q

a type of loose connective tissue

A

Areolar

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4
Q

the long extension of a nerve cell body; a neuron has only one axon

A

Axon

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5
Q

the terminal portions of axons

A

Axon endings

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6
Q

basement membrane

A

anchors epithelial cells to each other and to underlying tissues

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7
Q

specialized connective tissue

A

blood

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8
Q

specialized connective tissue

A

bone

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9
Q

forms the inner spongy tissue underneath compact bone

A

cancellous bone

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10
Q

muscle found only in the heart

A

cardiac muscle

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11
Q

contains the nucleus of a neuron

A

cell body

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12
Q

chondrocyte

A

cells of cartilage

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13
Q

collagen

A

a tough fiber found in the matrix of the connective tissue

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14
Q

columnar epithelium

A

epithelial cells that are tall and rectangular; found lining the ducts of certain glands and in mucous-secreting tissues

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15
Q

compact bone

A

forms the outer layer of bone and is very dense

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16
Q

compound exocrine glands

A

glands made of several lobules with branching ducts

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17
Q

connective tissue

A

a type of tissue that supports or binds

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18
Q

cuboidal epithelium

A

epithelial cells that look like small cubes; their function is secretion, protection, and absorption

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19
Q

dendrites

A

receptive areas of the neuron; extensions of the nerve cell body

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20
Q

dentin

A

bone-like substance found in teeth

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21
Q

elastin

A

flexible fibers found in the matrix of connective tissue

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22
Q

elastic cartilage

A

forms the external ear, ear canals, and epiglottis

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23
Q

endocardium

A

innermost layer of the heart wall, including epithelial cells that line the hear

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24
Q

endocrine glands

A

ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

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25
endothelium
epithelial cells that line the circulatory system
26
epithelial tissue
type of tissue that protects, absorbs, or secretes
27
erythrocytes
red blood cells (RBCs)
28
exocrine glands
glands that have ducts
29
fascia
layer of areolar tissue covering the whole muscle truck
30
fibroblasts
small, flattened cells with large nuclei and reduced cytoplasm that produce fibrin in connective tissue
31
fibrocartilage
forms the intervertebral disks that surround the spinal cord
32
glandular epithelium
forms glands
33
goblet cells
unicellular glands that secrete mucus
34
hematopoietic tissue
specialized connective tissue that produces blood cells
35
heparin
anticoagulant manufactured by the liver and mast cells
36
histamine
an inflammatory substance produced in response to allergies
37
histiocytes
large, stationary phagocytic cells
38
histology
the study of tissue
39
hyaline cartilage
a type of cartilage that forms the early skeleton of the embryo
40
intercalated disks
structures that connect the branches of cardiac muscle cells with one another
41
kupffer's cells
eat bacteria and old white and red blood cells; found in the liver
42
lacunae
tiny cavities between the lamellae or rings of compact bone that contain bone cells
43
leukocytes
white blood cells (WBCs)
44
ligaments
connective tissue that attaches bone to bone
45
lymphoid tissue
specialized connective tissue
46
macrophages
engulf and digest antigens; monocytes
47
mast cells
round-shaped cells found close to small blood vessels that produce heparin
48
matrix
intercellular material in connective tissue
49
mesothelium
a type of epithelial tissue based on function, also called serous tissue, that lines the cavities of the body that have no openings to the outside
50
microglia
phagocytic cell found in the central nervous system; also called neuroglia
51
mucous membrane
lines the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts; produces mucus
52
muscle fibers
muscle cells
53
muscle tissue
tissue that can shorten and thicken or contract
54
neuroglia
nerve cells that perform support and protection
55
neuron
nerve cell that transmits impulses
56
osteocytes
mature bone cells
57
pericardium
membrane covering the heart
58
peristalsis
the physical movement or pushing of food along the digestive tract
59
peritoneum
membrane lining that abdominal cavity
60
phagocytic
describing the process by which a cell eats debris and microorganisms
61
pleura
membrane that lines the thoracic cavity
62
pseudostratified epithelium
cells that have a layered appearance but actually extend from the basement membrane to the outer free surface
63
reticular
type of loose connective tissue that forms the framework of the liver, bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes
64
reticuloendothelial (RE) system
specialized connective tissue involved in phagocytosis
65
serous tissue
lines the great cavities of the body that have no opening to the outside; also called mesothelium
66
simple epithelium
one cell-layer thick
67
simple exocrine glands
glands with ducts that do not branch
68
smooth muscle
found in hollow structures of the body like the intestines; cannot be influenced at will
69
squamous epithelium
epithelial cells that are flat and slightly irregular in shape and serve as a protective layer
70
stratified epithelium
several layers of cells thick
71
striated or skeletal muscle
tissue that causes movement; multinucleated with striations; skeletal muscle
72
synovial membranes
line the cavities of freely moving joints; produce synovial fluid
73
74
tendons
dense connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
75
tissue
groups of cells similar in size, shape, and function
76
transitional epithelium
several layers of closely packed, flexible, easily stretched and saw-toothed when relaxed
77
visceral
internal organs

A&P (4 decks)

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