Chapter 5: Managing Organizational Structure

Question 1

Organizing

Answer 1

Process of establishing structure of organization

Question 2

Organizational structure

Answer 2

Formal system of task and reporting relationships that coordinates and motivates employees so that they work together to reach organizational goals

Question 3

Organizational design

Answer 3

Process by which managers make specific choices resulting in a given organizational structure

Question 4

Job design

Answer 4

Process by which managers decide how to divide the work to be done into specific jobs

Question 5

Work specialization

Answer 5

Degree to which the job is focused on particular tasks or multiple tasks

Question 6

Job simplification

Answer 6

Reduction of the number of tasks each worker performs
Increases efficiency
Decreases effectiveness if workers get bored

Question 7

Job enlargement

Answer 7

Increase the number of different tasks for a given job by changing the division of labour
- reduces employee boredom and fatigue
- increases motivation, quality and quantity of goods and services provided

Question 8

Job enrichment

Answer 8

Increase degree of responsibility by:
- empowering employees
- encouraging employees to develop new skills
- allowing employees to decide how to do the work
- allowing employees to monitor/ measure own performance

Question 9

Job Characteristics Model (Hackman & Oldman)

Answer 9

Explains how managers can make jobs more interesting and motivating
Describes the personal and organizational outcomes resulting from enriched and enlarged jobs

Question 10

Five characteristics that determine hoe motivating a job is?

Answer 10

1. Skill variety - completion of different activities
2. Task identity - completion of an identifiable piece of work
3. Task significance - substantial impact on others
4. Autonomy - provides worker with freedom in carrying it out
5. Feedback - provides the worker with performance information