Chapter 5 - Pathology - Upper GI Tract Flashcards
(20 cards)
esophageal cancer
-malignant tumor of the esophagus
achalasia
-failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax
esophageal varices
-swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus
gastric cancer
-malignant tumor of the stomach
gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD)
-solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach
hernia
-protrusion of an organ or part through the tissues and muscles normally containing it
peptic ulcer
-open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum
anal fistula
-abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus
colonic polyps
polyps (benign growths) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon
colorectal cancer
-adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both
Crohn disease (“Crohn’s”)
-chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract
diverticulosis
-abnormal outpouchings (diverticula) in the intestinal wall of the colon
dysentery
-painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection
hemorrhoids
-swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region
ileus
-loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
- inflammation of the colon and small intestine
- Crohns and ulcerative colitis are types of IBD
intussusception
-telescoping of the intestines
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
-group of GI symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation) but without abnormalities in the intestines
ulcerative colitis
-chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers
volvulus
-twisting of the intestine on itself
