Chapter 5 Section 3 Flashcards
Lesson 3 (42 cards)
The Guilded Age
Inventions, growing cities and entrepreneurs hid all the crimes, poverty and corruption during the 1870’s-1900’s. (everything was etched in gold).
Individualism
The belief that no matter what a person’s background is, he/she can become successful.
Horatio Alger
Expresses the idea of individualism in over 100 rags to riches novels.
Social Darwinism
A philosophy based on Darwin’s theory of natural selection. Reinforced the idea of individualism.
Social Darwinism
A philosophy based on Darwin’s theory of natural selection. Reinforced the idea of individualism.
Herbert Spencer
Applied Darwin’s theory to human society.
William Sumner
Joined Herbert Spencer and applied the theory to business.
William Sumner
Joined Herbert Spencer and applied the theory to business.
Why did Industrial leaders use social darwinism?
To justify their support of laissez faire capitalism.
Darwinism and the Protestant Church
Social Darwinism appealed to the Protestant work ethic because riches were a sign of God’s favor.
Christians and Darwinism
Found Darwinism to go against the Bible.
Gospel of Wealth
Carnegie advocated the Gospel of Wealth which held that wealthy Americans should use what they have to create conditions that would help people help themselves.
Reform
Those that disagreed with Individualism and social Darwinism argued problems could be fixed if the government took a more active role in regulating the economy.
Henry George - Progress and Poverty
Claimed that laissez faire economics was making society worse.
Lester Frank Ward - Dynamic Sociology
He argued that humans were different from animals because they had the ability to change their future. Became Reform Darwinism.
Edward Bellamy - Looking Forward
A fictional story where government owns all industry and shares the wealth equally with all Americans.
Naturalism
A new writing style that criticized industrial society.
Stephen Crane - A Girl of the Streets
Book that shows prostitution and death.
Jack London - Call of the Wild
Book that shows the power of nature over civilization.
Theodore Dreiser - Sister Carrie
Book that created a world where people sinned with out punishment.
The Social Gospel Movement
Worked to better conditions in cities according to biblical ideas of charity and justice.
Walter Rauschenbusch
Minister from New York. Became the leading voice of the Social Gospel Movement.
The Salvation Army
Offered practical aid and religious counseling to the urban poor.
YMCA
Tried to help the urban poor and industrial workers by organizing bible studies, citizenship training, and group activities. Also provided low-cost boarding.
