CHAPTER 5: the psychobiological process of memory Flashcards
(28 cards)
memory
The process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information that has been previously encountered.
what is the Atkinson-Shiffrin multi-store model of memory
A model of memory that outlines three separate stores (sensory, short-term, and long-term) that interact through encoding, storage, and retrieval.
sensory memory
A memory store that very briefly holds raw information detected by the senses.
examples of sensory memory
Seeing classmates’ faces, hearing a bird chirp, feeling your clothing tag, smelling deodorant, or tasting lunch.
short term memory
A memory store that temporarily holds a limited amount of information being consciously attended to and manipulated.
rehearsal
A controlled process of consciously repeating or manipulating information in short-term memory.
encoding
The process of converting information into a usable form to be stored in the brain.
long term memory
A store of memory with potentially unlimited capacity and duration.
storage
The retention of information over time.
retrieval
Accessing stored information from long-term memory and bringing it into conscious awareness.
explicit memory
Memory that is consciously retrieved (includes semantic and episodic memory).
semantic memory
A type of explicit memory containing general knowledge or facts.
episodic memory
A type of explicit memory involving personal experiences or events.
implicit memory
Memory that is unconsciously retrieved (includes procedural and classically conditioned memory).
procedural memory
A type of implicit memory involving motor skills or “knowing how” to do tasks.
classically conditioned memory
An implicit memory formed by associating a stimulus with an emotional or involuntary response.
hippocampus
It is involved in encoding explicit memories.
amygdala
it encodes the emotional components of memories
neocortex
it stores explicit memories
cerebellum
It encodes and stores implicit memories related to reflexes and fine motor movements.
basal ganglia
It encodes and stores implicit memories related to habits and motor sequences.
episodic memory
It allows us to recall autobiographical events and imagine future scenarios.
imagined futures
Hypothetical experiences and situations conceptualized in the mind.
neurodegenerative disease
diseases that involve the progressive loss of neurons in the brain
