Chapter 5: The Revolution, May - October 1789 Flashcards
(34 cards)
When was the first Estates General-session held?
5th May 1789.
What wasn’t mentioned in the first Estates-General session? (Third Estate’s concerns)
- No reform package.
- No talk of future meetings - how would voting take place?
What was said in the first Estates-General session?
- Louis claimed to be ‘the first friends of the people’.
- Necker spoke about the needs for new taxes.
When was the National Assembly formed?
17th June 1789.
Why was the National Assembly formed?
- Third Estate didn’t want to meet separately from the other two estates to verify their credentials.
- Third Estate refused to carry out verification until voting by head was agreed on.
- Abbé Sieyès influencial third estate leader - said third estate are the nation and could act alone - encourages some clerics to join.
What is voting by head?
Every representative got one vote.
What is voting by order?
1 vote per estate.
When was the Tennis Court Oath?
20th June 1789.
Explain the events leading up to the Tennis Court Oath.
- National Assembly’s meeting place being altered, so doors locked and guarded when members got there.
- Assembly worried King was trying to dissolve them.
- President Bailly took them to a royal Tennis Court instead and the Assembly promised to never disband until France had a new constitution.
- First revolutionary act.
What happened in the 23rd June 1789 royal session?
- Louis agreed to new tax and fairer land tax.
- Louis refused to say ‘National Assembly’.
- Louis wanted estates to meet separately.
- Members refused to leave at the end as an act of defiance.
What were the consequences of the 23rd June royal session?
- Louis reminded everything he said, recognised NA and permitted voting by head.
- Troops sent to capital - increased suspicions.
- Rumours spread - grain supplies cut off - Assembly destroyed etc.
When was Necker dismissed?
11th July 1789.
When was the storming of the Bastille?
14th July 1789.
What happened in the storming of Bastille?
- mobs raided gunshots to arm themselves.
- Destroyed 40/54 custom posts.
- Prisons,factories and a monastry raided.
- Raided war veteran retirement home to get muskets.
- Attacked Bastille to get gunpowder.
How many casualties were there in the storming of Bastille?
70 killed.
When and how did the King react to the storming of Bastille?
- 17th July.
- King stood outside a hotel in Paris with the new mayor of Paris (Bailly).
- Wore revolutionary cockade.
- Reinstated Necker (who was popular w the people).
- Accepted the National Assembly.
What was the storming of Bastille symbolic of?
The destruction of the Ancien Regime’s power.
Why were the national guard formed?
- To protect bourgeoise’s property and defend Paris from sans-culottes (ordinary people).
- Lafayette as commander.
Why were people in the countryside angry in the lead up to The Great Fear?
- 1788 Poor harvest.
- Bad winter.
- Rumours of brigands (nobles) hoarding grain.
- Thought the only way to get rid of feudal duties was to destroy records.
- Cahiers (grievances) gave them hope.
The Great Fear dates.
17th July - 3rd August 1789.
What were the main events of The Great Fear?
- Grain stores looted.
- Feudal records destroyed.
- Chateaux (manor houses) attacked and burned.
Why were feudal rights abolished?
- To stop riots.
- To encourage peasants to pay tax again.
- To further enlightenment ideas.
When were feudal rights abolished?
4th August 1789.
What decrees were made as a result of The Great Fear (the August Decrees)?
- Feudal dues abolished.
- No venality.
- Tithes and Fees abolished.
- No payments to priests.
- All citizens had to pay taxes.
