Chapter 5- Vocabulary

Question 0

Amino acids

Answer 0

Small building blocks of proteins, released when proteins are digested

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

Passage of material through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream

Question 2

Amylase

Answer 2

Enzyme (-ase) secreted by the pancreas and salivary glands to digest starch (amyl/o)

Question 3

Anus

Answer 3

Terminal end or opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body

Question 4

Appendix

Answer 4

Blind pouch hanging from the cecum (in the right lower quadrant

Question 5

Bile

Answer 5

Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder

Question 6

Bilirubin

Answer 6

Pigment released by the liver in bile

Question 7

Bowel

Answer 7

Intestine

Question 8

Canine teeth

Answer 8

Pointed, dog-like teeth .also called cuspids or eyeteeth

Question 9

Cecum

Answer 9

First part of the large intestine

Question 10

Colon

Answer 10

Portion of the large intestine consisting of the ascending, transverse ,descending and sigmoid segment

Question 11

Common bile duct

Answer 11

Carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum

Question 12

Defecation

Answer 12

Elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the anus

Question 13

Deglutition

Answer 13

Swallowing

Question 14

Dentin

Answer 14

Primary material found in teeth

Question 15

Digestion

Answer 15

Breakdown of complex food to simplex form

Question 16

Duodenu

Answer 16

First part of the small intestine

Question 17

Elimination

Answer 17

Act of removal of material from the body

Question 18

Emulsification

Answer 18

Physical process of braking up large fat globules into smaller globules

Question 19

Enamel

Answer 19

Hard, outermost layer of a tooth

Question 20

Enzyme

Answer 20

Chemical that speeds up a reaction between substance

Question 21

Esophagus

Answer 21

Tube connecting the throat to the stomach. Eso-means inward; phag/o means swallowing.

Question 22

Fatty acids

Answer 22

Substances produce when fats are digested. Fatty acids are a category of lipids

Question 23

Feces

Answer 23

Solid wastes

Question 24

Gallbladder

Answer 24

Small sac under the liver

Question 25

Glycogen

Answer 25

Starch; glucose is store in the form of glycogen in liver cells

Question 26

Hydrochloric acid

Answer 26

Substance produce by the stomach

Question 27

ileum

Answer 27

Third part of the small intestine, meaning twisted

Question 28

Incisor

Answer 28

Any one of four front teeth in the dental arch

Question 29

Insulin

Answer 29

Hormone produce by the endocrine cells of the pancreas

Question 30

Jejunum

Answer 30

Second part of the small intestine

Question 31

Lipase

Answer 31

Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats

Question 32

Liver

Answer 32

Large organ located in RUQ of the abdomen

Question 33

Lower esophageal

Answer 33

Ring of muscle between the esophagus and the stomach, also called cardiac sphincter

Question 34

Mastication

Answer 34

Chewing

Question 35

Molar teeth

Answer 35

Sixth, seventh and eighth teeth from the middle of either side of the dental arch

Question 36

Palate

Answer 36

Roof of the mouth

Question 37

Pancreas

Answer 37

Organ under the stomach

Question 38

Papillae (singular; papilla)

Answer 38

Small elevation on the tongue

Question 39

Parotid gland

Answer 39

Salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear

Question 40

Peristalsis

Answer 40

Rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs. In the gastrointestinal tract

Question 41

Pharynx

Answer 41

Throat , the common passageway for food from the intestines

Question 42

Protease

Answer 42

Enzyme the digests protein

Question 43

Pulp

Answer 43

Soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels

Question 44

Pyloric sphincter

Answer 44

Ring of muscle at the end of the stomach , near the duodenum

Question 45

Pylorus

Answer 45

Distal region of the stomach

Question 46

Rectum

Answer 46

Last section of the intestine, connecting the end colon and the anus

Question 47

Rugae

Answer 47

Ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach

Question 48

Saliva

Answer 48

Digestive juice produced by salivary glands

Question 49

Salivary glands

Answer 49

Parotid, sublingual ,and submandibular glands

Question 50

Sigmoid colon

Answer 50

Fourth and last , S-shape segment of the colon ,just before the rectum

Question 51

Sphincter

Answer 51

circular ring of muscles that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening

Question 52

Stomach

Answer 52

Muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus

Question 53

Triglycerides

Answer 53

Fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acids and one part glycerol

Question 54

Uvula

Answer 54

Soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate

Question 55

Villi

Answer 55

Microscopic projection in the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the blood stream