Chapter 53 Flashcards
(31 cards)
Host
An individual that houses a parasite that consumes small amounts of tissue or nutrients from it
Community
All the species that interact with each other in a certain area.
Competition
The interaction of two species or two individuals trying to use the same limited resource. May occur between individuals of the same species or different species.
Predation
The killing and eating of one organism (the prey) by another (the predator).
Primary succession
The gradual colonization of a habitat of bare rock or gravel, usually after an environmental disturbance that removes all soil and previous organisms.
Coevolutionary arms race
A series of adaptations and counter adaptations observed in species that interact closely over time and affect each other’s fitness.
Predator
Any organism that kills other organisms for food.
Secondary succession
Grail colonization of a habitat after an environment disturbance (fire, windstorm, logging) that removes some or all previous organisms but leaves the soil intact.
Commensalism
A symbiotic relationship in which one organism (the commensal) benefits and the other (the host) is not harmed.
Intraspecific competition
Competition between members of the same species for the same limited resource.
Interspecific competition
Competition between members of different species for the same limited resource.
Pioneering species
Those species that appear first in recently disturbed areas.
Niche
The particular set of habitat requirements of a certain species and the role the species plays in its ecosystem.
Mimicry
A phenomenon in which one species has evolved to look or sound like another species.
Competitive exclusion
The principle that two species cannot coexist in the same ecological niche in the same area because one species will out-compete the other.
Mullerian mimicry
A type of mimicry in which two harmful species resemble each other.
Tolerance
The phenomenon in which early arriving species do not affect the probability that subsequent species will become established.
Batesian mimicry
A type of mimicry in which a harmless or palatable species resembles a dangerous or poisonous species.
Asymmetric competition
Ecological competition between two species in which one species suffers a much greater fitness decline than the other.
Symmetric competition
Ecological competition between two species in which both suffer similar declines in fitness.
Species richness
The number of species present in a given ecological community.
Fundamental niche
The ecological space that a species occupies in its habitat in the absence of competitors.
Species diversity
The variety and relative abundance of the species present in a given ecological community.
Realized niche
The ecological niche that a species occupies in the presence of competitors.
