Chapter 5.3 - Exam Review

Question 1

In Aircrafts with a fixed-pitch propeller, (airspeed/engine speed) is a measure of power out?

Answer 1

Engine Speed.

Question 2

Opening and closing the Throttle too quickly can overstress the Engine by (increasing/decreasing) the cylinder head temperatures and bearing pressures.

Answer 2

Increasing.

Question 3

If excess fuel is left in the cylinders after combustion, the mixture is said to be (lean/rich)?

Answer 3

Rich.

Question 4

A lean mixture is one where excess (air/fuel) is left in the cylinders after combustion.

Answer 4

Air.

Question 5

What is the name for a mixture which produces complete combustion?

Answer 5

A Chemically Correct Mixture (CCM).

Question 6

Does this mixture produce the best power? If not what fuel-air mixture does produce the best power (2)?

Answer 6

• No.

- Slightly higher than CCM.

Question 7

Air density (increases/decreases) with increases in Altitude?

Answer 7

Decreases.

Question 8

A Carburettor senses the (weight/volume) of air entering the Engine?

Answer 8

Volume.

Question 9

As an Aircraft climbs into less dense air, the fuel-air mixture becomes (richer/leaner)?

Answer 9

Richer.

Question 10

Fouled spark plugs are a likely result of an (over-lean/over-rich) mixture?

Answer 10

Over-rich.

Question 11

An over-rich mixture is indicated by (blue/black) smoke from the exhaust?

Answer 11

Black.

Question 12

Afterfiring is more likely consequence of an (over-rich/over-lean) mixture?

Answer 12

Over-rich.

Question 13

Is detonation more likely from an over-rich or over-lean mixture at high power settings?

Answer 13

Over-lean.

Question 14

During a climb, the Throttle must be opened progressively to maintain a constant Engine power output. Eventually, an Altitude is reached where the Throttle is fully open. What is the term given to this Altitude?

Answer 14

Full Throttle Height.

Question 15

Name two reasons for selecting ILDE CUT-OFF to stop the Engine rather than just turning the Ignition off?

Answer 15

• Stops propeller being turned on if Ignition is left on.

- Ensure Carburettor remains full of Fuel.

Question 16

What is the likely result of leaning the Fuel-air Mixture at high power settings (above 75% MC)?

Answer 16

Detonation.

Question 17

A (rich/lean) mixture at full power is used for all takeoffs except those in reduced density conditions because the cooling effect of the (rich/lean) mixture (lowers/increases) the detonation threshold?

Answer 17

• Rich.
• Rich.
• Lowers.

Question 18

Why should the Fuel-air Mixture be leaned according to the manufacturer’s instructions before takeoff from high altitude airports (elevation above 5000 ft)?

Answer 18

Due to with Air-Density conditions.

Question 19

Why should the Mixture Control be selected to FULL-RICH on descent?

Answer 19

To avoid the Engine stopping at low power settings.

Question 20

Name two likely causes of detonation?

Answer 20

• Wrong grade of Fuel being used.

- High Fuel-air Mixture and wide open Throttle settings.

Question 21

What action should a Pilot take if detonation is suspected (3)?

Answer 21

• Enrich the Fuel-air Mixture.
• Turn Carburettor Heat Control to OFF.
• Reduce Power.

Question 22

Premature combustion of the Fuel-air Mixture caused by a local hot spot in the combustion chamber is called (detonation/pre-ignition)?

Answer 22

Pre-ignition.

Question 23

Name two ways of preventing abnormal combustion (3)?

Answer 23

• Correct use of Fuel Mixture Control.
• Not exceeding maximum RPM.
• Use correct grade of Fuel.

Question 24

What is the first indication of Carburettor icing in an Engine with fixed-pitch propeller?

Answer 24

A gradual loss in RPM.

Question 25

Fuel Evaporation and Throttle ice are more likely in (below freezing/mild) temperatures and (high/low) humidity?

Answer 25

- Mild. | - High.

Question 26

Is Carburettor icing more likely at (wide-open/part Throttle) settings?

Answer 26

Part Throttle.

Question 27

(Fuel injected systems/Carburettors) are more susceptible to Fuel Evaporation and Throttle icing?

Answer 27

Carburettors.

Question 28

What is the danger of incorrectly diagnosing Carburettor icing and progressively opening the Throttle to compensate for the reduction in RPM?

Answer 28

Build-up of ice will make it impossible to remove and cause complete Engine stoppage.

Question 29

Impact ice is most likely to form at atmospheric temperatures ranging from (0°C to -25°C/0°C to 16°C) when visible moisture (is/is not) present?

Answer 29

- 0°C to -25°C. | - Is.

Question 30

What type of control is used in fuel injected Engines to bypass the filter in case it gets blocked with impact ice?

Answer 30

Alternate Air Control.

Question 31

When using the Carburettor Heat Control as a de-icing device, an (increase/decrease) in RPM indicates that the ice has been removed?

Answer 31

Increase.

Question 32

What is the reason for not moving the Throttle initially when applying Carburettor Heat under suspected icing conditions?

Answer 32

If ice is present, the Engine may stop due to ice from the Throttle Butterfly.

Question 33

When using the Carburettor Heat Control as an anti-icing device on descent, why should full heat be applied before closing the Throttle?

Answer 33

To maximise the amount of heated air.

Question 34

The use of Carburettor heat (increases/reduces) the power output of an Engine?

Answer 34

Reduces.

Question 35

Carburettor heat should not be used on takeoff because it (increases/reduces) the power out and (increases/reduces) both the climb performance and Airspeed?

Answer 35

- Reduces. | - Reduces.

Question 36

The reduction in power caused by the application of Carburettor heat is a result of the (more/less) dense ‘heated’ air and the (richer/leaner) mixture it produces?

Answer 36

- Less. | - Richer.

Question 37

The use of Carburettor heat on takeoff not only has a detrimental effect on power output; it may also (increase/decrease) the operating temperature of the Engine and cause detonation?

Answer 37

Increase.

Question 38

Why should Carburettor heat be selected off just before Landing?

Answer 38

In case full power is required for a go-around.

Question 39

What is the reason for limiting the maximum RPM of an Engine?

Answer 39

To ensure the Engine is not overstressed and damaged.

Question 40

What is the reason for minimum limit being placed on Oil Pressure?

Answer 40

To ensure the Engine is receiving a minimum amount of Oil needed to prevent Engine damage and failure.

Question 41

Maximum Cylinder Head Temperatures are limited because as metal gets hotter, its strength is (increased/reduced)?

Answer 41

Reduced.

Question 42

Above the maximum temperature limit, the Oil will get too hot. Name two likely consequences of this (4)?

Answer 42

- Engine will overheat and cause loss of power. - Possible Detonation. - Probable Engine damage. - Excessive Oil consumption.

Question 43

At Oil temperatures (below the minimum/above the maximum), the Oil pump will not be able to pump the cold and thick Oil sufficient for proper pressure and lubrication?

Answer 43

Below the minimum.

Question 44

What term is given to the maximum power that can be maintained continuously by an Engine?

Answer 44

Maximum Continuous Power (MC).

Question 45

In Aircrafts with a fixed-pitched propeller, Throttle setting is proportional to both Engine speed (RPM) and power output. With the Throttle closed, will the Engine speed (RPM) and power output be (high/low)?

Answer 45

Low.

Question 46

Give two reasons why the Engine should be warmed periodically during a prolonged glide?

Answer 46

- Clean Engine of Carbon. | - Keeping Oil Temperature operating normally.

Question 47

Keeping Carburettor heat on during closed-throttle operations (reduces/improves) fuel vaporisation?

Answer 47

Improves.

Question 48

Why should the Starter be engaged for short periods only?

Answer 48

If prolonged this may cause damage to the Starter Motor and the Battery.

Question 49

Why should you not exceed 1000 RPM during the first minute of operation when starting a cold Engine?

Answer 49

Engine damage will occur to the Oil Temperature being low.

Question 50

Why shouldn’t the Starter be re-engaged while the propeller is still turning?

Answer 50

Can damage the Starter Motor.

Question 51

Why is the Ignition system checked prior to takeoff?

Answer 51

To check both Magnetos are operational.

Question 52

If recommended by the manufacturer, why is the Ignition system sometimes checked at idling RPM prior to Engine shut-down?

Answer 52

To confirm the Magnetos are deactivated (grounded).

Question 53

What is the effect of prolonged idling on Engine operation (2)?

Answer 53

- This may cause Spark Plug Fouling. | - Engine Overheating.