Chapter 55 Terms Flashcards
Population
Any group of individuals usually of a single species occupying a given area at the same time
Demography
The properties of the rate of growth and the age structure of populations
Sex ratio
The ratio of males to female in a given area
Sexual dimorphism
Differences in appearances between males and females caused by the inheritance of one of the other sexual pattern in the genetic material
Meta populations
Group of populations that are separated by space but consist of the same species. They interact as individual meme era and move from one population to another
Source sink meta populations
Populations in the better areas send out species to the worse area
Generation time
Average time between 2 consecutive generations in the lineages of population
Fecundity
Actual reproductive rate of an organism or population measured by number of eggs, seeds, or asexual properties
Mortality
Number of deaths in a given place- proportion of deaths to populations
Altricial species
Young are helpless when born
Precocial species
Young are relatively mature and Mobile from the moment of birth
K selected species
Posses relatively stable populations and tend to produce relatively low numbers of offspring
R selected species
Production of numerous small offspring followed by exponential population growth
Allee effect
Correlation between pop size and the mean individual fitness of a specials
Density dependent limiting factors
Any factor limiting the size of a pop whose effect is dependent on the number of individuals in the pop
Food water shelter
Density independent limiting factors
Any factor limiting the size of a population whose effect is not dependent on the number of individuals in the pop
Semelparity
Characterized by a single reproductive episode before death
Iteroparity
Multiple reproductive cycles over the course of its lifetime
Cost of reproduction
Consequences of reproducing
Biotic potential
Max reproductive capacity of an organism under optimum environmental conditions
Biosphere
Global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships including interaction with the elements of the lithosphere geosphere hydrosphere and atmosphere
Carrying capacity
Max pop size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinently
Sigmodial growth curve
Patterns of growth where in a new environment the pop density increases slowly initially, in a pos acceleration phase and increases rapist then declines or plateaus
Spacing
Clustered dispersed or random
How organisms distribute themselves
Clumped is most common
