Chapter 6 Flashcards
(29 cards)
Define: Electrophile
Loves electrons
Define: Carbocation
A carbon with a positive charge
What does a nucleophile do.
Grabs an atom
Steps of an electrophilic reaction
Alkene + electrophile –> carbocation + ion- —> product
How are electrons transferred in an electrophilic reaction
The double bond breaks and gets transferred to the electrophile.
What connects with the carbocation in an electrophilic reaction.
A negatively charged ion.
Thermodynamic product production
how much a product is formed
Kinetics product production
How fast product is formed
Which product is the thermodynamic product
the more stable one
Which product is the kinetic product
the less stable one
How is a Keq related to a forward reaction
Keq > 1
How is Keq related to a reverse reaction
Keq < 1
How is delta G related to a forward reaction
delta G is negative
How is delta G related to a reverse reaction
Delta G is positive.
Equation for Delta G
Detla G= Delta H - T delta S
What determines the rate of a reaction
The slowest step
How is the energy represented on a graph for a reaction
The 1st transition state requires the most amount of energy.
The second transition state requires less energy.
What is the potential energy of the product when the product is favored
Lower than the initial potential energy
How is an acid base reaction different from an electrophilic reaction
Only one product is formed in an electrophilic reaction
Define: Hydrohalogenation reaction
Hydrogen and halogen is added to a carbon chain.
Define: Halogenation
A reaction where only a halogen is added.
What happens when water is the solvent in an electrophilic reaction
An alcohol group (OH) takes the place in a substituent.
What is the difference between a symmetrical and a-symmetrical electrophilic reaction
different products are formed in an a-symmetrical reaction
How does stability affect a cation
The more stable the cation the more likely the electrons will attach to it.
