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PSYC 332 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Human motivation is driven by…

A

basic psychological needs. contouring conscious and unconscious life goals.

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2
Q

What motivates the agent?

A
  • Theory of mind: wanting and believing
  • seeking pleasure and avoiding pain
  • psychological mechanisms to feed: hunger thirst and sex (clark hall, Kenneth space)
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3
Q

Freud’s theory on human motivation

A

There are unconscious desire that needs to be fed, if uncontrolled the individual has a disorder. Sex- eros, aggression - thanatos

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4
Q

Carl Jung theory on human motivation

A

people are motivated by individualization

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5
Q

individualization

A

the needs to develop and actualize oneself. Become authentic and the person we were designed to be

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6
Q

Henry Murray human motivation theory

A

list of 20 psychological needs: Achievement, Affiliation, Dominance, Nurturance, Order, Play, Avoiding harmful situations

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7
Q

Humanistic psychology

A
  • Human beings strive to fulfil deep and ennobling motives for self-actualization, spiritual completion, personal salvation
  • Become who we are by discovering and making manifest our good inner potential
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8
Q

David Buss theory on human motivation (multiplicity in human motivation)

A
  • Fundamental problems human beings have evolved to solve
  • evolved to organize and plan
  • if there was no belief in out motivation, agency would not exist
  • eg. mate selection, child-rearing, mate attraction, procreation,
    forming alliances sin social groups, defending ourselves from attack, finding food, obtaining shelter
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9
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

do things we like to do and enjoy experiences

  • eg. author liked play ice hockey until he was freezing
  • high happiness and well-being
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10
Q

extrinsic motivation

A
  • as eusocial species, humans are also motivated by external factors such as social rewards, money, promotion
  • too much of it - unsatisfaction
  • controlled/amotivated
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11
Q

Self-determination theory created by…

A

Edward Deci and Richard Ryan

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12
Q

To achieve and stay motivated we must…

A

organize and plan

- brain power and interpersonal cooperation

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13
Q

self determination theory

A

Self-determination theory suggests that people are motivated to grow and change by three innate and universal psychological needs.

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14
Q

motivated by 3 factors

A
  1. autonomy
  2. competence
  3. relatedness
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15
Q
  1. Autonomy
A
  • independence from external pressures, individualization, satisfaction to intrinsic motivations and deep values
  • basic motivator of agency
  • motivation to strive
  • Limits of autonomy promotes motivated agent to fulfill the
    ideal combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: A social environment that promotes autonomy and channels motivation into socially constructed ends
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16
Q

Important dimension of social environment (autonomy)

A
  • autonomy support (teachers/parents - high autonomic parents improve well being in kids)
  • structure (goal directed striving; too much of it = extrinsic motivation)
  • interpersonal involvement (Social envt’s provide high levels of autonomy
    support, moderate, and many highly involved
    socializing forces)
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17
Q
  1. Competence
A

control outcomes of events and exprience mastery of dealing with external environment

18
Q
  1. relatedness
A

intimacy and caring for others, feeling love and sense of belonging

19
Q

Doing what one wants without coercion or compulsion leads to…

A
  • high levels of self-esteem and psychological well-being

- growing sense of change in positive direction

20
Q

when deprived of autonomy, competence, relatedness…

A

individual struggles to meet basic needs and finds ways to compensate for loss

21
Q

controlled/amotivated behaviour

A
  • meet demands of external factor or once external now internal factors
  • individual feels they are doing it intentionally but the behaviors are unintentional and disorganized
22
Q

Robert White

A

effectance

23
Q

effectance

A

the drive to be an effective agent in any environment

- some behaviors arent related to drives, they motivated by mastering the environment

24
Q

Competence (again)

A

using all sources, master physical and material in a social environment and getting ahead
- individual differences in strength of motives which is downplayed by the theory of self-determination

25
Q

competence is basically…

A

achievement motive

26
Q

Henry Murray

A

personality theory on individuals needs

- each need orients a person to the future by generating personal goals aimed at satisfying the need

27
Q

Issue with Henry Murray personality theory…

A

personal needs may reflect desired but he believed not everyone’s desires are conscious

28
Q

Solution to the issue of Murrays Personality theory…

A

Thematic Apperception test

29
Q

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A

people tell imaginative stories in response to picture cues, people project desires and concerns into pics

30
Q

when do consistent differences for nAch appear?

A

8/9 years

31
Q

picture story exercise

A
  • Coding system developed to determine the relative strength of achievement themes in imaginative stories
  • High density achievement themed, are high on achievement motivation
32
Q

people high on nACH are…

A

hardworking, exhibit high performance in tasks, go above max, and have high self-control, especially when receiving immediate feedback concerning success/failure
- business career

33
Q

Motives are learned (Murray and McClelland)

A

when children get rewarded for tasks, develop high achievement motivation

34
Q

Children’s books emphasizing meeting standard of excellence promotes…

A

…the development of higher achievement motivation

35
Q

Strong correlation between the salience of achievement themes in society textbooks and…

A

economic output of that society in a generation or 2 later

36
Q

Whats the engine for economic growth when children grow up, years later?

A

Strong emphasis on meeting standard of excellence as conveyed in children’s books promotes development of higher achievement motivation

37
Q

achievement motivation changes as…

A

societal values change

38
Q

power motivation

A

high social dominance, motivation to lead, influence and feel strong
- associated with negative (aggression) and positive (helping others) behavior

39
Q

careers in nPow

A

teacher, CEO, therapist

40
Q

When in low-status situation…

A

increase in cortisol (stress hormone) and decrease in testosterone

41
Q

high susceptibility to illness when…

A

high nPow feel dominated or overpowered

PSYC 332 (5 decks)

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