Chapter 6 Flashcards
Octet Rule
The tendency of atoms to attain a stable electron configuration.
What is an ionic compound?
Ionic compounds contain ions and are held together by the attractive forces among the oppositely charged ions.
Ionic bond
When the valence electrons of atoms of a metal are transferred to atoms of nonmetals.
Covalent bond
When atoms of nonmetals share valence electrons.
Ions
When atoms lose or gain electrons to form a stable electron. Have electrical charges, + or -
Positive Ions = _____ of electrons and are usually ___ of groups _, _, and _
Loss; metals; 1A; 2A; 3A
Negative Ions = ____ of electrons and are usually ___ of groups _, _, and _.
Gain; nonmetals; 5A, 6A, 7A
Transfer of electrons
Ionic bond
Sharing electrons
Covalent bond
Ionic bonds occur when….
The valence electrons of atoms of a metal are transferred to atoms of nonmetals. For example, sodium atoms lose electrons and chlorine atoms gain electrons to form the ionic compound NaCl.
Covalent bonds form when…
Atoms of nonmetals share valence electrons.
Valence electrons of Group 1A
+1
Valence electrons of Group 2A
2+
Valence electrons of Group 3A
+3
Valence electrons of Group 5A
-3
Valence electrons of Group 6A
-2
Valence electrons of Group 7A
-1
Ionic charge = ___ + ___
Charge of protons + Charge of electrons
What does this equation tell? Mg^2+
That the magnesium has two more protons than electrons.
What is a negatively charged Ion called ?
Anion
What is a positively charged ion of a metal is called ?
Cation
How does a cation effect the name of the element?
It uses the same name of the element.
How does an anion effect the name of the element ?
The first syllable of its element name followed by ide.
Monoatomic ion
An ion formed from a single atom through loss or gain of electrons.
Ex. Na+, S^2-
